07/09/2017
The Bare-necked Umbrellabird, aka "Pajaro Danta" or "Pajaro Sombrilla" in Costa Rica, this 14"-17" (36-43cm), large, chunky black bird inhabits upper understory to mid-canopy of primary rain forest of Costa Rica and western Panama, so is one of our many endemics that we share with Panama.
Umbrellabirds belong to the Cotingidae (Cotingas) family; this is an extraordinarily diverse family, strictly confined to wooded regions of the mainland Neotropics. Some Cotingas could be very colorful and noisy, as the Andean Cock-of-The-Rock and the Guianan Cock-of-The –Rock (Rupicola peruviana, Rupicola rupicola), other Cotingas are colorful and quiet, like all those Fruiteaters (Pipreola sp) from the Andes. Some males may be wholly white, these are the cases of the Yellow-billed Cotinga (Carpodectes antoniae) from the humid Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica and western Panama and the Snowy Cotinga (Carpodectes nitidus) on the Caribbean lowlands.
Cephalopterus glabricollis, our only Umbrellabirds in Costa Rica is entirely black, above strongly glossed with blue, producing a scaly effect on mantle. The males have an inflatable sac, which is the skin of the throat without feathers bright orange-red, when male is on full display this sac becomes large and scarlet. Males have an umbrella crest. Females are much less impressive, little bit smaller and duller black without the umbrella crest. Young birds resemble females, like in many other Cotingas.
There are two more Umbrellabirds in South America, the Amazonian Umbrellabird (Cephalopterus ornatus) with a huge range east of the Andes, foothills, and lowlands and the Long-wattled Umbrellabird (Cephalopterus penduliger) confine to two countries Ecuador and Colombia, west of the Andes.
The Bare-necked Umbrellabird feed on fruits of palms, Lauraceae and Annonaceae as well as caterpillars, small lizards, and frogs, beats prey vigorously against perch before swallowing.
This bird is not that easy to see it or hear it in an any given birding program, I have seen it at the Rain Forest Aerial Tram, (Caribbean slope), Braulio Carrillo National Park, La Selva Biological Station, Tenorio Volcano National Park and last week (25th of August 2017) in Suerre of Pococí at 650 meter a.s.l on and old second growth.
This time I was able to see both male and female together, I thought that they were nesting not far from where I saw them. Both of them flew in my range of vision while I saw calling another Contingidae, the Purple-throated Fruitcrow. They flew from a large tree full of epiphytes and climber vines, then they went back to the same tree and hide among all the vines.
Most of the time I have found this bird they are very quiet, and last week wasn't the exception.
Bibliography
Garrigues R and Dean R, 2014 The Birds of Costa Rica A Field Guide, second edition. A Zona Tropical Publication
Stiles G and Skutch A, 1989 A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press Ithaca NY.