Jewish Heritage in Germany

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Jewish Heritage in Germany

We plan and conduct tailor made group travel, private tour, lectures and encounters about Jewish heritage in Germany

09/08/2024

Karlsplatz/Stachus, on the edge of Munich's old town.

Lehmann Bernheimer had this commercial building constructed. In 1864, he founded a business for high-quality textiles in Munich's old town. Since 1882, Bernheimer had been a purveyor to the royal court. The opening was officiated by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria in 1889. The European high nobility were among Bernheimer's customers.

Lehmann Bernheimer's son, Otto Bernheimer, has been running the business since 1918. He was also the honorary consul of Mexico. After November 9, 1938, he and other family members were arrested and interned in the Dachau concentration camp, forced to emigrate. In 1946, Otto Bernheimer returned from exile in Venezuela and regained the building, which had been Aryanized. In 1987, Konrad O. Bernheimer, the son of Otto and teh grandson of Lehmann, sold the building to be able to pay out his co-heirs. Today, it belongs to Deutsche Bank, contains an underground parking garage, and stores.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Expert in Germany (Bavaria), Jewish history in Germany
Private daily tours for individuals, small groups, and families tailored to your interests starting at €350
Daily tours for groups tailored to your interests starting at €350
Option to arrange transportation and accommodations
For more information and tour proposals, contact:
http://www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or WhatsApp to +491745803451
or send an email to [email protected]

02/08/2024

Nuremberg, Palace of Justice, Courtroom 600
From November 20, 1945, to October 1, 1946, the "Major War Criminals Trial" took place here, known as the "Nuremberg Trials." The Nuremberg Trials also include the Doctors', Jurists', Industrialists' - including Flick, IG Farben, and Krupp - SS and Police Leaders', Military, Civil Servants', and Diplomats' trials, which took place from 1946 to 1949. The latter were held before a U.S. military court, whereas the Major War Criminals Trial was held before an international tribunal.
Nuremberg was chosen as the location for these trials because the Palace of Justice was almost undamaged, located in the American zone, had a prison directly adjacent to the court, and the courtroom was large enough. The Americans used the courtroom until 1961, after which it was used again by the West German judiciary. In 2000 it was defunctioned and became a museum with an attached exhibition.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Expert in Germany (Bavaria), Jewish history in Germany
Private daily tours for individuals, small groups, and families tailored to your interests starting at €350
Daily tours for groups tailored to your interests starting at €350
Option to arrange transportation and accommodations
For more information and tour proposals, contact:
http://www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or WhatsApp to +491745803451
or send an email to [email protected]

19/07/2024

The Jewish Kriegshaber
Between 1440 and 1803, Jews were not allowed to live in the Imperial City of Augsburg. As a result, they settled in the surrounding areas. Since the 16th century, Jews lived in Kriegshaber. Around 1730, Jews made up the majority of the population in the area with nearly 400 residents.
At 222 Ulmer Street, there was a mikveh, but it is not possible to visit it today as the house is privately owned.
The Obermayer family came from Kriegshaber. They lived at 189 Ulmer Street. Jakob Obermayer was allowed to live in Augsburg in 1803. His son, Isidor Obermayer, was a co-founder of the Bavarian Mortgage and Exchange Bank and a major investor in the Augsburg-Munich railway line.
The elementary school founded in 1807 in Kriegshaber was housed in the customs’ house; in 1872, the school building was constructed at 184a Ulmer Street. Both Jewish and Christian children attended the school.
In the Michelwerke, at 160a Ulmer Street, there was a subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp from September 1944.
Hermann Einstein was born on August 1, 1880, in Kriegshaber. The livestock business "Gebrüder Einstein," a family enterprise, was one of the leading livestock trading companies in Swabia until the N**i takeover.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Expert in Germany (Bavaria), Jewish history in Germany
Private daily tours for individuals, small groups, and families tailored to your interests starting at €350
Daily tours for groups tailored to your interests starting at €350
Option to arrange transportation and accommodations
For more information and tour proposals, contact:
http://www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or WhatsApp to +491745803451
or send an email to [email protected]

05/07/2024

The N**i Party Rally Grounds, Nuremberg
From 1933 to 1938, the Reich Party Congresses of the NSDAP, the National Socialist German Workers' Party, were held on the Reich Party Rally Grounds around the Dutzendteich in the south of Nuremberg.
In the late Middle Ages, in the 15th and 16th centuries, numerous imperial diets were held in Nuremberg. Several emperors of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (10th century to 1806) chose Nuremberg as their seat during this period. Parts of the medieval old town are still very well preserved today.
The city was considered a "very German city" and the N**is propagated the city as "The city from the Reichstags to the Reich Party Congresses".
Until 1933, the area around the Dutzendteich was a local recreation area for the residents of Nuremberg. The N**i Party Rally Grounds include the unfinished Congress Hall, the Zeppelin Field with the stone grandstand, the large street, today's Max-Morlock Stadium, then the municipal stadium, the Luitpold Arena with Luitpoldhalle and unfinished buildings.
The N**is used the grounds and the party conferences to demonstrate and propagate their power and greatness.
You can visit the N**i Party Rally Grounds. The currently temporary exhibition in the Documentation Center is open daily from 10.00 am to 6.00 pm (please note public holidays). Adults pay €6.00 admission, children from 4 to 18 years €1.50.
Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Expert in Germany (Bavaria), Jewish history in Germany
Private daily tours for individuals, small groups, and families tailored to your interests starting at €350
Daily tours for groups tailored to your interests starting at €350
Option to arrange transportation and accommodations
For more information and tour proposals, contact:
http://www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or WhatsApp to +491745803451
or send an email to [email protected]

30/06/2024

Ohel Yaacov, the New Synagogue in Munich
In 1887, the main synagogue in Munich on Herzog Max Street was inaugurated. On June 9, 1938, it was demolished on Adolf Hi**er's orders. The orthodox synagogue Ohel Yaacov – the Tent of Jacob – was set on fire during the "Night of the Burning Synagogues" on November 9, 1938, and burned down. The interior of the synagogue on Reichenbach Street was destroyed that same night.
From 1947 to 2007, the synagogue on Reichenbach Street served as the main synagogue and community center.
On November 9, 2003, the foundation stone for the new Ohel Yaacov Synagogue at Sankt Jakob's Square in Munich was laid in the presence of Federal President Johannes Rau. It was consecrated on November 9, 2006. The area also includes the community house, the primary school, a high school, the Jewish Museum, a kosher restaurant, and a café.
The synagogue space appears to be built very lightly like a tent, in contrast to the solid, strong surrounding walls, which are reminiscent of the Western Wall of the Temple – the Kotel – in Jerusalem. Behind the synagogue's windows are hundreds of interlocking Stars of David. There are 585 seats.
The 32-meter-long "Hall of Remembrance," which connects the community house and synagogue underground, commemorates by name 4,500 Munich Jews who were exterminated in the Holocaust during the Third Reich.
The Jewish Community of Munich and Upper Bavaria has about 9,500 members and is the second largest Jewish community in Germany. The state association of Jewish communities in North Rhine is the largest.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Expert in Germany (Bavaria), Jewish history in Germany
Private daily tours for individuals, small groups, and families tailored to your interests starting at €350
Daily tours for groups tailored to your interests starting at €350
Option to arrange transportation and accommodations
For more information and tour proposals, contact:
http://www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or WhatsApp to +491745803451
or send an email to [email protected]

24/06/2024

Ichenhausen – The Jewish Cemetery
This cemetery was established in 1567. It is estimated that up to 8,000 people were buried here over the centuries. Today, there are still about 1,000 gravestones remaining. Many were knocked over and destroyed during the Night of Broken Glass, burning syngogues in 1938. Eighteen Hungarian Jews from the Burgau sub-concentration-camp of the concentration camp Dachau were buried there. In 1934, the purification hall – the Tahara House (tahara (Hebrew) [ritual] purity) was built. Unfortunately, the cemetery is currently not accessible.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Specialist for encounters, study trips, group and small group tours, private one-day tours in Germany (Bavaria) and Israel covering general history, society development, local history, Jewish history, and history of the Third Reich.
For further information and contact
www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or per WhatsApp to +491745803451
or via E-Mail to [email protected]

14/06/2024

Ichenhausen – The Synagogue
In 1450, Jews were forced to leave the Imperial City of Augsburg, in 1499, the Imperial City of Nuremberg. They were allowed to return and settle again in the mid-19th century. Therefore, Jews settled in the surrounding areas of the major cities. They received imperial protection there, which enabled life and economic success. This led to the formation of the so-called Jewish rural communities, including in Ichenhausen.
Jews had been living in Ichenhausen since 1541, and they received the imperial privilege in 1618, the right to reside in 1717, and the limited right to buy land. The first synagogue was built in 1687, with its entrance portal integrated into the new building in 1781/82. The style is late Baroque, early Classical. It features round windows and flat pilasters like a church. The architect was likely Christian. The intention was to make the synagogue resemble the surrounding churches. In 1851/52, the interior was de-baroqued. Two side galleries for men and a western women's gallery were added, adapting the interior to the needs of the Jewish reform community.
In 1830, almost half of Ichenhausen's residents were Jewish. At that time, it was the second-largest Jewish community in Bavaria.
In 1933, there were still 300 Jews living in Ichenhausen, 130 of whom were killed in the Holocaust.
The synagogue is open on the last Sunday of every month.

Dialog-Begegnungen, Reisen, Sprachen
D-86356 Neusäß
Specialist for encounters, study trips, group and small group tours, private one-day tours in Germany (Bavaria) and Israel covering general history, society development, local history, Jewish history, and history of the Third Reich.
For further information and contact
www.dialog-begegnungen-reisen-sprachen.de
or per WhatsApp to +491745803451
or via E-Mail to [email protected]

09/06/2024

Traces of the N**i dictatorship in Munich
Munich was defined by the N**is as the „ capital of the movement “. In 1920 it had been founded in the Hofbräuhaus.
The Hi**er-Ludendorf coup ended in 1923 on Odeons-Square at the Fieldmarshalls’hall. After Hi**er became Chancellor in 1933 and Germany became a dictatorship in a few months, the N**is held annually on every 9th of November commemorations in Munich in the brew house in Haidhausen, on Odeons-Square and on Kings’ Square for ones that were killed, when the Bavarina riot police stopped the coup.
The so-called Führerbau – buildung of the Führer - still stands near Kings’ Squarez. In it, the Munich Agreement was passed on September 29-30, 1938, according to which Czechoslovakia had to cede the Sudetenland to Germany or vacate it within ten days. Already on the 1st. October 1938 German troops invaded the Sudetenland. British Prime Minister Chamberlain had hoped to keep peace in Europe. The war had been postponed for less than a year.
On 9. November 1938, at Hi**er's behest, Minister of Propaganda Goebbels ordered the „ Night of the Burning Synagogues “, the „Cristal Night “ in the old town hall of Munich.
Today's „ House of Art “ was built by the N**is and was called „ House of German Art “.
After the N**is came to power in 1933, Himmler became police chief in Munich, Reinhard Heydrich his deputy and head of the Bavarian Political Police. Heydrich was de facto the chief of police in Munich because Himmler had many offices. The police began to pursue „political crimes“ and arrest political opponents of the N**is.

09/06/2024

The synagogue and the Jewish Museum in Halderstraße in Augsburg
The synagogue was built between 1913 and 1917, i.e. during the First World War. At that time, the Jewish community in Augsburg counted over 1000 members. The synagogue is a mixture of Art Nouveau, modernity, byzantine and oriental elements, Jewish Renaissance and rural architectural styles. The 29 m high dome made of reinforced concrete with its green and gold mosaic is impressive.
The synagogue was set on fire on the night of the burning synagogues, November 9-10, 1938. But the fire was extinguished because there was a petrol station in the immediate vicinity at the time. As a result, this monumental building in its central location in Augsburg and Bavaria was preserved. It was rededicated on September 1, 1985. Today the Jewish community of Augsburg-Swabia is larger than it was 100 years ago. Unfortunately, it is not permitted to take photographs in the synagogue, so no pictures can be shown here.
In the Jewish Museum Augsburg-Swabia, that is part of the synagogue, one can see the history of the Jews from the Middle Ages to the 20th century in Augsburg and Swabia as well as the nearly never ending changes like waves of Jewish lives from settling down, self-assertion, adaptation to expulsion and vice versa. The visitors can see Torah coats, crowns and shields. Children and young people can learn about Jewish festivals and traditions.
The museum and synagogue are open from Monday to Thursday from 9am to 6pm CET, on Friday from 9am to 4pm CET and on Sunday from 10am to 5pm.

09/06/2024

The synagogue in Kriegshaber
The upper floor of the Günzenburger family's house was converted into a synagogue from around 1720/1725 on. A synagogue in Kriegshaber is mentioned in the chronicles in the year 1675. However, it was probably a prayer room in the same house, where the synagogue was later built in.
The synagogue is a so-called house synagogue. Today you can still see the sacred ark, the Torah shrine, in which the Torah scrolls were kept. The barrel roof is still partially decorated with stencil mosaics. The galleries for the women also exist. The old entrance staircase to the synagogue with the Star of David is worthy of note.
The synagogue was not burned down on the night of the burning synagogues, the night of November 9-10, 1938. However, the religious objects were lost or distributed "all over the world".
The synagogue is also an example of a synagogue in a rural Jewish congregation, because Krieghaber was not a part of Augsburg until 1916. From 1440 to 1803, Jews were not allowed to live in big cities like Augsburg. During this period, rural Jewish communities developed, including in Kriegshaber.
The synagogue can visited every Thursday from 2pm till 6pm CET and once a month on a Sunday – for more information please refer to https://jmaugsburg.de/besuch/rund-um-den-besuch/informationen/

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