Visit Iran

12/11/2019

Persian Knotted-Pile Carpets

Section III: Carpet Museum
of brings together a precious collection of hand-made and from all over the globe. Visitors are able to feast their eyes upon almost 150 carpets and rugs with some as old as the 18th century. The carpets are organized based on different regions of Iran which is quite helpful. It is here one can have just a taste of what has to offer. It is famous for its diverse colorful patterns. The number of colors in a carpet ranges from 15 to 25 and each color signifies a special meaning. Each here has a story: some being reflections of the emotions of the weaver, some portraits of nature and some depictions of tales derived from old epics of the “Shahname”. The museum also features a copy of the oldest hand-made carpet, the , which belongs to the 5th century BC. Make sure to have an expert beside you in case you don’t miss out any of the important details.
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07/11/2019

23/04/2019

Persian Knotted-Pile Carpets

Section II: Techniques and Production Tools
Whether the is flat-woven or piled, the basic components are the warps (tār, tān, tūn, čella), which run from end to end of the , and the wefts (pūd), which are passed from side to side alternately over and under the warps, thus binding them together to produce the foundation of the carpet. Each drawing of a weft across the warps is called a “shoot,” or “pass.” In pile rugs supplementary weft yarns, or “knots” (ḵeft, gereh, ḡond), are wrapped around the warps between the foundation wefts, then cut; the cut ends project on the surface to form the pile (porz) and create the design. The knot count of a rug varies from 16 to 800 knots per square inch and the process takes from a few months to several years depending on quality and size.
A is a device used to weave the carpet. The main function of loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics has not changed significantly over centuries. In Persia looms may be set up either horizontally or vertically.
Many carpets, notably those of village or nomadic origin with traditional designs, are woven without a particular pattern guide. The weaver may also work from a cartoon (naqša), in which the design is executed on a paper grid, each square (ḵāna) representing one knot. Alternatively, a knotted “sampler” (vāgīra), in which a section or sections of the field and border are depicted, may be used as a model.
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19/11/2018

The is an annual cultural and artistic festival held in fall, to exhibit and sell pomegranates, food products, and handicrafts.
Iran is the second largest producer and largest exporter of pomegranates in the world. The fruit's juice and paste have a role in Iranian cuisine, e.g. chicken, Ghormeh Sabzi, and refreshment bars. skins may be used to stain wool and silk in the carpet industry.

17/11/2018

Persian Knotted-Pile Carpets

Section I: History
is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished manifestations of and art, dating back to the Bronze Age, but as the materials used in carpets including wool and cotton, decay into dust during the course of time, archaeologists couldn't make any special discovery during the archaeological excavations. What have remained for us from the early ages as evidence of carpet-weaving are nothing more than a few pieces of worn-out rugs.
Such fragments do not help very much in recognizing the -weaving characteristics of pre- period (13th and 14th centuries AD). Among the oldest pieces discovered are those found in Eastern Turkestan, dating back to the third to fifth centuries AD, and also some of the hand-weavings of the Seljuks of Asia Minor kept in the museums of Turkey country.
In a unique archaeological excavation in 1949, the exceptional carpet was discovered among the ices of Pazyryk Valley, in the Altai Mountains in Siberia. Radiocarbon testing revealed that Pazyryk carpet was woven in the 5th century BC. The advanced weaving technique used in the Pazyryk carpet indicates a long history of evolution and experience of this art. Most experts believe that the Pazyryk carpet is the final achievement of at least one thousand years of experience and history. According to this theory, the art of carpet-weaving in is at least 3500 years old.

10/11/2018

The timeline of empires of Iran and non-Iranians who ruled Iran
1. (2700 – 539 BC): Elam, Elamite Empire, was an ancient Pre-Iranian civilization;
2. (678 BC–549 BC): Median Kingdom;
3. (550 BC–330 BC): Achaemenid Empire, Ranging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, it was larger than any previous empire in history, spanning 5.5 million square kilometers. Incorporating various peoples of different origins and faiths, it is notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army. The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires;
4. (330 BC–63 BC): Alexander's onslaught (334 BC) and fall of the Achaemenid Empire (330 BC) and later partition of Alexander's empire (323 BC), then rise of the Seleucid Empire (312 BC);
5. (247 BC–224 AD): Parthian Empire or Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran. The empire, located on the Silk Road trade route between the Roman Empire in the Mediterranean Basin and the Han Empire of China, became a center of trade and commerce;
6. (224–651): Sasanian Empire that known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr, or Iran, in Middle Persian; was the last kingdom of the Persian Empire before the rise of Islam. The Sasanian Empire succeeded the Parthian Empire and was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire for a period of more than 400 years;
7. (633–651): The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran, led to the end of the Sasanian Empire of Persia in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion.
8. (651–977): Arabs rule and Continued clashes; and later, semi-independent governments and Persianization process;
9. (977–1219): Ghaznavids, Great Seljuq, and Khwarezmid Dynasty;
10. Mongol conquest and rule (1219–1370); Timurid Empire (1370–1507);
11. Safavid Empire (1501–1736);
12. Nader Shah and his successors;
13. Qajar dynasty (1796–1925).

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