14/05/2020
GOLD OR TIGERS?
In the southern part of the Khabarovsk Territory, in the basins of the upper reaches of the Durmin, Obor, Kiya and the middle reaches of the Khor River, one of the last full-fledged tiger groups in the region is concentrated - and the only one that lives outside the boundaries of protected areas. The Khorsky model site is located here. Nevertheless, to date, the Khorsky site has maintained a fairly high tiger population density: according to monitoring data of the last five years, up to 22 individuals of different age categories have been recorded here simultaneously (13-15 on average), of which at least 10 are adult animals involved in breeding. The key territory for this group of predators is the basin of the upper reaches of the Durmin River, where the Durminskoye hunting forest is located. Due to the inaccessibility and protection of this site, the preserved massifs of fruit-bearing oak, a high number of ungulates is maintained here with a minimum level of poaching, and therefore local lands become a regular habitat for 5-6 adult tigers and are periodically visited by other individuals. In Durmin and the surrounding area, at least 11 cubs have been born over the past three years. The significance of this predator group for the conservation of the species at the northern boundary of the range is exclusive.
However, the perspective for the continued existence of tigers at the Khorsky model site raises serious concerns. In the upper reaches of the Durmin River, near the watershed with the Obor, Kiya and Khor rivers, there is a deposit of ore gold and silver. As it became known at the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Khabarovsk Territory, Pacific Mining LLC obtained a license to deploy work in this place. Earlier, in 2014, the same license was issued to Eastern Mining Company LLC, which was forced to curtail its plans due to the refusal of domestic investors to finance the work.
During the development of the deposit, it is planned to build the following facilities: a quarry, a gold recovery factory with a tailing dump, an industrial site, a warehouse for explosive materials, a testing ground for the destruction of explosive materials, a shift camp, a landfill for solid household waste, highways, and power lines.
The implementation of this plan will cause irreparable damage to the entire natural complex of the specified territory and, first of all, will jeopardize the possibility for tigers to live here. In the area of the projected works, the most important natural tiger trails between the basins of neighboring rivers lie, which largely ensures the unity of the group of predators. Due to the preserved forest areas with cedar and oak, the protective qualities of the habitats are high, including places for arranging brood shelters and raising cubs. In this place, a high number of the main objects of predator hunting remains - wild boar, red deer, roe deer and badger.
Blasting operations during quarry development, complete deforestation, construction of gold mining facilities, environmental pollution with industrial and household waste, and a year-round road will reduce the number of tigers and their victims, worsen the quality of their habitats, create a high anthropogenic disturbance factor and increase the availability of land for poachers. The implementation of this project will contribute to the emerging fragmentation of the tiger range and, as a result, will cause irreparable damage to the entire population of the Amur subspecies of the tiger, preserved exclusively in our country.
Specially protected natural areas existing on the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory cannot ensure the conservation of the tiger population, since these areas are insufficient to maintain viable groups of this predator in the long-term prospect. The possibility of natural contacts between local groups of predator is extremely important. "Khorsky" group of tigers ensures the reproduction and natural flow of migrant tigers in the northern, southern, eastern and even western directions. The disappearance of the local group will not only lead to a general reduction in the population of tigers in the Russian Far East, but will also pose a serious threat to the conservation of the northernmost foci of the species.
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Спасти амурских тигров - остановить золотодобычу в долине р. Дурмин (Хабаровский край)