07/27/2023
Why They Fought
Men of all ages and backgrounds joined the American Revolution. Doctors, lawyers, politicians, blacksmiths, and farmers joined the cause. About 230,000 men served in the Continental Army from 1775-1783. All thirteen states had organized militia forces, and around 150,000 men joined the militia. Some men joined to find adventure. Others joined for the lure of riches or land. Some men joined for the glorious cause of freedom. Others joined for more personal reasons.
In the spring of 1780, Thomas Young joined the South Carolina militia after the murder of his brother at the hands of a Tory named Adam Steedham. In his memoir, Young described the impact his brother's death had on him and why he chose to join the Revolution:
"I shall never forget my feelings when told of his death. I do not believe I had ever used an oath before that day, but then I tore open my bosom, and swore that I would never rest till I had avenged his death. Subsequently a hundred Tories felt the weight of my arm for the deed, and around Steedham's neck I fastened the rope as a reward for his cruelties."
Young served in the South Carolina militia during the pivotal Southern Campaign from April 1780-September 1783. His first action was in April 1780 at Stallions Plantation under the command of Thomas Brandon. He was at the American victory of Kings Mountain in October 1780 and turned 17 years old at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781. He was wounded and captured during the battle. He was brought before Lt. Colonel Banastre Tarleton and questioned by the famed Green Dragoon. While in custody, Young and a fellow POW assisted a British soldier in securing his "loot", and the trooper looked the other way as Young, and his companion slipped into the South Carolina darkness. In May and June of 1781, he joined the siege of the British fort at Ninety Six. He fought in many other battles and skirmishes and served until the Treaty of Paris was signed in September 1783.
Thomas Young’s memoir was published in 1843. It is an invaluable resource for understanding the Revolution in the Southern Colonies. Very few firsthand accounts from a South Carolina militia soldier exist. His story covers nearly the entire Southern Campaign, and his history of the Battle of Cowpens is a must-read for understanding how the battle unfolded.
If you could ask Thomas Young or any Revolutionary War soldier a question about their military life...What Would You Ask?
The Cowpens National Battlefield Interpretive Staff is developing a program based, in part, on some of the questions asked by you! When completed, your question and other research materials will be a part of a program presented to visitors at the Battlefield.
Discover the Battle of Cowpens: https://www.nps.gov/cowp/learn/historyculture/index.htm
Image: Four Reenactors demonstrate musket firing, 2023, NPS Photo.