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04/20/2024

Our Ina (mother), Unci (grandmother) putting clothes on our back and food in our mouths since time began! Another lakota word for mother, "nihuwe" It describes an appendage of our selves. This is a deeper meaning expressing our closeness to our mothers.

04/20/2024

Buckskin Charlie, Ute Chief. Wearing a Rutherford Hayes Indian Peace medal. 1905. Photo by Benjamin S. Hopkins.

04/19/2024

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04/19/2024

Siupakio (aka Mrs. Pat Grasshopper) and her sister, Sikunnacio (aka Mrs. David One Spot), in camp on Sarcee Reserve No. 145, near Calgary in southern Alberta - Sarcee - 1885

04/18/2024

Emil J. Comes Last, in traditional clothes at the Rolland R. Lutz Studio in Mandan, North Dakota - Yankton Dakota - circa 1937
Note: Emil J. Comes Last was born in 1932, in Cannon Ball community on the Standing Rock Reservation in North Dakota, the son of Thomas Comes Last & Lucy Ireland. Emil J. Comes Last served with the U.S. Army in the Korean War, and died in Stillwater, Minnesota in 1990.

04/18/2024

Sometimes in life we will become lost, if we keep walking we will find our way again. Everything circles around.
Our elders left a great legacy of culture, language, songs, ceremonies for us. Its our responsibility to learn and carry them on.

04/17/2024

𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐲 𝐍𝐨𝐬𝐞 🌻🌻
Pretty Nose :A Fierce and Uncompromising Woman War Chief You Should Know
Pretty Nose (c. 1851 – after 1952) was an Arapaho woman, and according to her grandson, was a war chief who participated in the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876.In some sources, Pretty Nose is called Cheyenne, although she was identified as Arapaho on the basis of her red, black and white beaded cuffs. The two tribes were allies at the Battle of the Little Bighorn and are still officially grouped together as the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes.
According to a 1878 Laton Alton Huffman photograph which shows the two girls together, Pretty Nose had a sister named Spotted Fawn who was 13 in 1878 making Spotted Fawn about 14 years younger than Pretty Nose.
Pretty Nose's grandson, Mark Soldier Wolf, became an Arapaho tribal elder who served in the US Marine Corps during the Korean War. She witnessed his return to the Wind River Indian Reservation in 1952, at the age of 101

04/17/2024

Katie Roubideaux, Rosebud Sioux, (1890-1991)
At age 8, Katie Blue Thunder was the daughter of Louis Roubideaux, the official US interpreter of the Rosebud Reservation. In the late 1880's and at one time captain of the Indian Police. He was known for spinning his translations to suit his needs .

04/16/2024

22 February at 01:01
·
Chief Running Rabbit
Aatsista-Mahkan or Running Rabbit (c. 1833 – probably 24 January 1911) was a chief of the Siksika First Nation. He was the son of Akamukai (Many Swans), chief of the Biters band, and following the death of his father in 1871, Aatsista-Mahkan took control of the band. He was known for his generosity and kindness, and for his loyal protection of his family.
In 1877 , he was a signatory to Treaty 7, but he and his people continued to follow the bison until 1881, when he and his people were designated to settle on a reserve, 60 miles east of today's Calgary, Alberta.
Running Rabbit was born into a prominent family. His older brother Many Swans, who took their father's name, was chief of Biters band of Siksikas to which they belonged. As a teenager and young warrior, Running Rabbit had not performed any great deeds worthy of recognition until his brother lent him an amulet said to have spiritual powers made from a mirror decorated with eagle feathers, ermine skins, and magpie feathers. Running Rabbit was successful during his first ever raid as a warrior, gaining himself two enemy horses which he captured and gifted to Many Swans. Similar success during following expeditions resulted in Many Swans giving Running Rabbit the amulet as a gift. Word of Running Rabbit's success spread throughout the Biters band and many referred to him as the "young chief" before he earned or was appointed any leadership position in the band

04/16/2024

Chief "TWO GUNS WHITE CALF" (1872-1934)
Also known as John Two Guns and John Whitecalf Two Guns, this Blackfoot chief provided one of the most readily recognizable images of a Native American in the world after an impression of his portrait appeared on a common coin, the Indian head nickel. Two Guns White Calf was born in 1872 near Fort Benton, Montana, son of White Calf, who was known as the last chief of the Pikuni Blackfoot. His visage was used along with those of John Big Tree (Seneca) and Iron Tail (Sioux) in James Earl Fraser's composite design for the nickel. After the coin's release around the turn of the century, Two Guns White Calf became a fixture at Glacier National Park, where he posed with tourists. He also acted as a publicity spokesman for the Northern Pacific Railroad, whose public relations staff came up with the name "Two Guns White Calf". After the death of White Calf in 1902 he became a tribal leader and he died of pneumonia in 1934 at the age of sixtythree. He was buried in a Catholic cemetry at Browning, Montana. The Great Northern Railroad, always interested in promoting tourism to its Glacier Park Hotels and passenger traffic on its trains, sought to encourage the idea that Two Guns was the model but Fraser sent to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1931, a letter in which he denied ever having seen Two Guns. But Charles Bevard, an auctioneer who had come into possession of a number of Two Guns' personal effects which led him into extensive historical research on the subject, suspected that the US Government wanted Fraser to "discredit" Two Guns as a coin model because they were afraid of the great influence he had on the tribes.The Chief headed a secret organization known as the Mad Dog Society which was attempting to preserve Balckfoot Heritage. Traditional Indian dances such as the Sun Dance and the Ghost Dance, which had been banned, were again being performed after American Indians received blanket citizenship in 1924. Bevard believed that the US Government feared that Chief Two Guns, like his father, might again take the fierce Blackfoot warriors on the warpath in an attempt to regain their land.

04/15/2024

Floyd Red Crow Westerman
Floyd Red Crow Westerman reached a mass international audience as the wise, old Sioux chief Ten Bears in Dances with Wolves (1990); he played the recurring role of the codebreaker Albert Hosteen on The X-Files (1995-99) and served as Indian chiefs, elders and shamans in dozens of other films and TV programmes.
His deeply etched features personified the history of an entire people for western audiences. He was described by his friend Dennis Banks, the founder in 1968 of the American Indian Movement (AIM), as “the greatest cultural ambassador that Indian America ever had” and by Indian Country Today newspaper as “one of the most recognisable American Indians of the 20th century”.

04/15/2024

Mary "Te Ata" Thompson Fischer
1895 - 1995
Chikesaw
Actress and Storyteller
Her story was filmed in 2017 with Q'orianka Kilcher as "Te Ata" and Gil Birmingham as her father.
The name of the movie is TE ATAMary "Te Ata" Thompson Fischer
1895 - 1995
Chikesaw
Actress and Storyteller
Her story was filmed in 2017 with Q'orianka Kilcher as "Te Ata" and Gil Birmingham as her father.
The name of the movie is TE ATA.

04/14/2024

𝙍𝙚𝙙 𝙎𝙝𝙞𝙧𝙩🔥
Red Shirt (Oglala Lakota: Ógle Šá in Standard Lakota Orthography) (a/k/a "Ogilasa" and "Joseph Red Shirt") (1847-January 4, 1925) was an Oglala Lakota chief, warrior and statesman. Red Shirt is notable in American history as a U.S. Army Native Scout and a progressive Oglala Lakota leader who promoted friendly associations with whites and education for his people. Red Shirt opposed Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876-1877 and the Ghost Dance Movement of 1890, and was a Lakota delegate to Washington in 1880. Red Shirt was one of the first Wild Westers with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and a supporter of the Carlisle Native Industrial School. Red Shirt became an international celebrity Wild Westing with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and his 1887 appearance in England captured the attention of Europeans and presented a progressive image of Native Americans.

04/14/2024

Cappolas, Chief of the Warm Spring Indian Scouts and capturer of "Captain Jack" of the Modocs. 1874. Photo by Thomas Houseworth. Source - Denver Public Library.

04/13/2024

Native Alaskan woman with her baby, 1906
The indigenous people in Alaska were thought to be one of the biggest groups of their kind. They consisted of five separate tribes, but they do not typically use that as a way to describe them.
The groups are the Aleuts, the Northern Eskimos, the Southern Eskimos, the Interior Indians, and the Southeast Coastal Indians. Researchers were the ones to name them this way, divided up by regions. The woman here was a part of the Native Alaskan tribe and kept her son warm in the hood of her coat.

04/13/2024

I don't know why this hasn't received more publicity, but this fifty-foot sculpture was unveiled recently in South Dakota.
It's called 'Dignity' and was done by artist Dale Lamphere to honor the women of the Sioux Nation.

04/12/2024

Portrait of Chief He Dog, of the Oglala Lakota, 1900
Each line on a Native Americans face is a badge of honor, every line holds sacred knowledge from their experiences in this life. Like the tree that has lines in their inner trunk for every year it has existed and holds the knowledge of all those years, so does these lines show the knowledge amassed in these faces. For honor and respect were shown to these elders, and the more lines meant more knowledge to share. For these Elders usually had the last word for the most important decisions for the well being of their Nation. These lines had just as much stature as Eagle feathers collected and they were shown proudly. We did not see beauty as young appearance but saw beauty and gave reverance to these lines

04/12/2024

"She was born on October 12, 1919, on the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation in Promise, South Dakota. She is a member of the Two Kettle Band Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe and, and is known in Lakota as Wignuke Waste Win (Pretty Rainbow Woman). Marcella LeBeau, now 101 years old, has accomplished enough in her life to fill three centuries of living.

04/11/2024

"Two Blackfeet men wearing headdresses and beaded, fringed leather shirts looking over the shoulder of an elderly Blackfeet woman as she works with an item in her hands. She wears a cloth dress decorated with beads and beaded necklaces."
Photo: Russell Benson
1930-1955?
Montana Memory Project. Montana Historical Society

04/11/2024

Billy Mills (born 1938) won what sports writers called the most sensational race ever run in Olympic history. A relative unknown, he came from behind to beat world champion runners in the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games. Miller later became one of the most noted of motivational speakers.
Mills was born on June 30, 1938 on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota. The young Native American ran like the wind over the prairies and hills near his Lakota Sioux Reservation home. His mother, who was one quarter Sioux, died when Mills was seven year old. His father, who was three quarters Sioux, died five years later. Native Americans considered him to be of mixed blood. The white world called him a Native American. Mills claimed that running helped him to find his identity and to blunt the pain of rejection.
As a youngster, Mills admired the great war chief, Crazy Horse. This spiritual leader of the Lakota challenged him to follow his dreams, reach for goals, and succeed in life. Crazy Horse was a warrior, who led his life through responsibility, humility, the power of giving, and spirituality. Mills tried to live by the knowledge, the wisdom, and the integrity of Crazy Horse. After breaking many high school track records on the reservation, Mills received a scholarship to attend Kansas University. He then became an officer in United States Marine Corps.
As a young Marine lieutenant, Mills had been allowed to train for the 1964 Olympics, held in Tokyo, Japan. He qualified for the team in both the 10,000-meter race and the marathon, but was not expected to win either race. No American had ever won the 10,000-meter race in the Olympics. But Mills had always lived according to the teachings of his father, who had challenged him to live his life as a warrior and assume responsibility for himself.
Australia's Ron Clarke was world famous as a runner in the 10,000-meter event and was the odds-on favorite to win a gold medal. Mohamed Gammoudi, a Tunisian runner, was expected to finish in second place for the silver medal. Any of the other runners were capable of taking a third place bronze medal, according to the experts. It was thought that none of the other runners could win.
Mills, a believer in visualization or "imagery," did not permit a negative thought to enter his head as he worked toward the biggest race of his life. He had for some time before been visualizing a young Native American boy winning the 10,000-meter event at the 1964 Olympics. He created that picture in his mind over and over again. If a thought about not winning came into his mind, he would spend hours erasing the negativity. There could be only one result!
As Mills lined up, there was only one thing on his mind, and that was to win. The gun cracked and the field broke away from the starting grid. As expected, Clarke and Gammoudi fell into first and second place. Mid-pack jostling and shoving allowed the leaders to pull away and Mills dropped back. It appeared he was out of contention and few paid any attention to the sleek Native American who was well back in the field. If they had looked, they would have seen him running as smoothly as the wind, without effort, in perfect control. Near the end of the race, Clarke and Gammoudi remained in the lead. The Japanese crowd cheered politely at what they had known all along was going to happen.
But suddenly the smooth running Mills stepped up his pace. He was closing on the leaders. The crowd fell silent. Mills increased his smooth, even pace, and drew closer to the leaders. With the three runners speeding down the last home-stretch, Mills made a spectacular, totally unexpected move. He surged in front of Clarke, who was still running in second place, then Gammoudi, who was leading. At the tape, it was Mills, Gammoudi and Clarke. Mills had beaten Gammoudi by three yards and Clarke by a full second. He had completed the race in a new Olympic record time of 28:24.4, a full 46 seconds better than his best previous time.
The crowd went wild with cheering, for they had seen the impossible happen. They had seen an underdog, an unknown, a runner who wasn't given a chance to win, beat the favorite. They had witnessed one of the greatest upsets in Olympic history. After his great running victory at Tokyo, Mills was honored with the warrior name of 'Makata Taka Hela' by the Lakota Nation. It means "love your country" and "respects the earth."
Although he was never sent to Vietnam because of his rigorous training schedule in the Marines, Mills was deeply affected by the many combat deaths of men from his unit. He felt that he could not participate in a sport when people were being killed in Vietnam. Mills finished his Marine Corps tour of duty as a captain, then reentered civilian life as an official of the Department of the Interior. He followed this with a very successful career as an insurance salesman. Mills retired from his insurance business in 1994 and became a motivational speaker.
Mills, who was elected to the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame in 1984, moved with his wife, Pat, and their three daughters, Christy, Lisa, and Billie JoAnne, to Fair Oaks, a Sacramento, California, suburb. He devoted all of his time to speaking to Native American youths and raising money for charities, such as Christian Relief Services

04/10/2024

Cradleboards are used for the first few months of an infant's life, when a portable carrier for the baby is a necessity. They were used during periods when the infant's mother had to travel or otherwise be mobile for work, and needed to protect the infant. The cradleboard could be carried on the mother's back, using support from "tumplines", or "burden straps" that would wrap around her forehead, chest or shoulders; if she carried a pack as well as the cradleboard, the pack strap would go around her chest and the cradleboard strap would go around her forehead. The cradleboard can also be stood up against a large tree or rock if the infant is small, or hung from a pole, or even hung from a sturdy tree branch. They were also used when longer travel was required, as the cradleboard could be attached to a horse for transportation. The inside of the cradleboard is padded with a lining of fresh plant fibres, such as sphagnum moss, cattail down, or shredded bark from juniper or cliffrose. The lining serves as a disposable diaper, although the Navajo could clean and reuse the lining made of shredded juniper or cliffrose bark. (via wikipedia)
Some cradleboards are woven, as with the Apache. The cradleboard is dyed yellow from the root of the Yucca Cactus, a color traditional to the Apache.
Edward S. Curtis originally named this photo “Apache girl and Papoose”. Papoose (from the Algonquian ‘papoose’, meaning "child") is an American English word whose present meaning is "a Native American child" (regardless of tribe) or, even more generally, any child, usually used as a term of endearment, often in the context of the child's mother. Cradleboard could sometimes be referred to as the papoose. However, the word “papoose” is considered offensive to many Native Americans whose tribes did not use the word.
This woman and her babe belonged to one of the many Apache Native American tribes that are in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño and Janero), Salinero, Plains (Kataka or Semat or "Kiowa-Apache") and Western Apache (Aravaipa, Pinaleño, Coyotero, Tonto).
Historically, the Apache homelands have consisted of high mountains, sheltered and watered valleys, deep canyons, deserts, and the southern Great Plains, including areas in what is now Eastern Arizona, Northern Mexico (Sonora and Chihuahua) and New Mexico, West Texas, and Southern Colorado. These areas are collectively known as Apacheria.

04/06/2024

"Before our white brothers arrived to make us civilized men,
we didn't have any kind of prison. Because of this, we had no delinquents.
Without a prison, there can be no delinquents.
We had no locks nor keys and therefore among us there were no thieves.
When someone was so poor that he couldn't afford a horse, a tent or a blanket,
he would, in that case, receive it all as a gift.
We were too uncivilized to give great importance to private property.
We didn't know any kind of money and consequently, the value of a human being
was not determined by his wealth.
We had no written laws laid down, no lawyers, no politicians,
therefore we were not able to cheat and swindle one another.
We were really in bad shape before the white men arrived and I don't know
how to explain how we were able to manage without these fundamental things
that (so they tell us) are so necessary for a civilized society."
- John (Fire) Lame Deer, Sioux Lakota - 1903-1976

04/06/2024

LONG HAIR
Traditionally, long hair was always a symbol of masculinity. All of history's great warriors had long hair, from the Greeks (who wrote odes to their heroes' hair) to the Nordic, from the American Indians (famous for their long shiny hair) to the Japanese. And the longer and beautiful the hair was, the more manly the warrior was considered. Vikings flaunted their braids and samurai wore their long hair as a symbol of their honor (they cut their braid when they lose honor).
When a warrior was captured, his mane was cut to humiliate him, to take away his beauty. That custom resumed in what is today military service. There when new soldiers begin their training the first thing they do is cut their hair to undermine their self-esteem, make them submissive and make them see who's boss.
The Romans were the ones who "invented" short hair so to speak, between the 1st and 5th centuries AD.. In battles they believed this gave them defensive advantages, since their opponents couldn't grab them by the hair. This also helped them to recognize each other in the battlefield.
Short hair on men is a relatively new "invention" that has nothing to do with aesthetics.
But today we often see men being humiliated, sometimes called "gay" for wearing long hair, not knowing that short hair is actually the "anti-masculine" and is a repressive social imposition, while long hair symbolizes freedom

04/05/2024

Nambé Pueblo, or Nanbé Owingeh (The Place of the Rounded Earth) lies nestled in the southern foothills of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in New Mexico. It is a federally recognized tribe of Native American Pueblo people. The Pueblo of Nambé has existed since the 14th century and is a member of the Eight Northern Pueblos.
Nambé was a primary cultural, economic, and religious center at the time of the arrival of Spanish colonists in the very early 17th century. The mistreatment at the hands of the Spanish colonizers eventually proved to be too much, and the people of Nanbé Owingeh joined forces with neighboring Pueblos to expel the Spanish out of the area during the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.
Pueblo nations have maintained much of their traditional cultures, which center around agricultural practices, a tight-knit community revolving around family clans and respect for tradition. Puebloans have been remarkably adept at preserving their culture and core religious beliefs, including developing a syncretic approach to Catholicism/Christianity. Exact numbers of Pueblo peoples are unknown but, in the 21st century, some 35,000 Pueblo are estimated to live in New Mexico and Arizona.

04/04/2024

Tsianina Redfeather, a famous Creek/Cherokee singer and performer. Early 1900s. Source - Denver Public Library.
Tsianina Redfeather Blackstone (December 13, 1882 – January 10, 1985) was a Muscogee singer, performer, and Native American activist, born in Eufaula, Oklahoma, then within the Muscogee Nation. She was born to Cherokee and Creek parents and stood out from her 9 siblings musically. From 1908 she toured regularly with Charles Wakefield Cadman, a composer and pianist who gave lectures about Native American music that were accompanied by his compositions and her singing. He composed classically based works associated with the Indianist movement. They toured in the United States and Europe.
She collaborated with him and Nelle Richmond Eberhart on the libretto of the opera Shanewis (or "The Robin Woman," 1918), which was based on her semi-autobiographical stories and contemporary issues for Native Americans. It premiered at the Metropolitan Opera. Redfeather sang the title role when the opera was on tour, making her debut when the work was performed in Denver in 1924, and also performing in it in Los Angeles in 1926.
After her performing career, she worked as an activist on Indian education, co-founding the American Indian Education Foundation. She also supported Native American archeology and ethnology, serving on the Board of Managers for the School of American Research founded in Santa Fe by Alice Cunningham Fletcher.

04/03/2024

Time is running out for me too,
And life has left scars on my face.
Though my body is growing old,
My soul will always stay young.
The day will come,
When I too will cross the bridge,
And leave this earthly life behind.
But as long as you remember me, I'll live in your heart.
My soul will stay with you,
You will see my face in the rising sun.
My eyes in the stars,
That look down on you every night.
I'll look back one last time,
And then my form will be slowly swallowed up on the other shore.
My own poem.

04/03/2024

SONNY SIXKILLER
Cherokee Nation-(1951-)
Sonny Sixkiller, an American Indian professional football player, quarterback position, is a Cherokee Nation tribal member. He was born in Tahlequah, Oklahoma on September 6, 1951. His family moved to Ashland, Oregon, when he was about one year old.
HIGH SCHOOL FOOTBALL STAR
Young Sonny attended Ashland High School in Ashland, Oregon, and wanted to play in-state college football for Oregon State, but they didn't offer him a scholarship (it's been said) because of his small size for professional football: 5'11" and 171 lbs.
COLLEGE FOOTBALL STAR
However, Sixkiller did receive a scholarship to the University of Washington in Seattle. As a sophomore in 1970, he became the starting quarterback for the Washington Huskies and led the NCAA in passing. Sonny Sixkiller was a stand-out athlete and held some fifteen school athletic records.
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
In just 28 games (1970-1972), Sonny Sixkiller became one of the most popular players in Washington University athletic history.
AMERICAN INDIAN FOOTBALL STAR
Sonny Sixkiller established passing records at WU that stood for nearly 30 years. (David Eskenazi Collection) Note: Famous athlete pictured wearing Puma football shoes and Washington Huskies football uniform, circa 1970.
QUARTERBACK SIXKILLER wearing famous #6 purple football jersy and gold helmet photographed on the cover of "Sports Illustrated" magazine as the "Washington Wonder," October 1971.
PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL
Sixkiller signed with the Philadelphia Bell (World Football League) in 1974. He signed with The Hawaiians in 1975 and played for them until the league folded. He participated in try outs with the San Diego Chargers in 1976.
AMERICAN INDIAN MOVIE STAR
Sonny Sixkiller starred opposite of the famous actor Burt Reynolds in "The Longest Yard," a 1974 sports-drama comedy movie about prison inmates who played football against their prison guards..

04/02/2024

GRAHAM GREENE - Born June 22, 1952, at the Six Nations Reserve in Ohsweken, Ontario, Mr. Greene is a 68-year-old FIRST Canadian actor of the ONEIDA tribe. He has worked on stage, in film and television productions in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his 1990 performance in "Dances with Wolves". Other movies you may have seen him in include Thunderheart, Maverick, Die Hard with a Vengeance…
If you don't know about GRAHAM GREENE, it's a pity

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