25/04/2022
BURN THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI !
In the Summer of 1864, Union General A. J. Smith was the third Union General tasked with catching Nathan Bedford Forrest.
Forrest, from January of 1864 to August, used Oxford as a base of operations. He was in and out of the town a good bit. In early August, Smith left Memphis on his way to Grand Junction, Tennessee, to then turn South on the Mississippi Central Rail Road, to go catch Forrest in Oxford. Forrest was way ahead of him. Forrest left Confederate General James R. Chalmers with about 2000 men North of Oxford on the Little Tallahatchie River to make A. J. Smith think he was in Oxford. Meanwhile Forrest went straight west to Batesville with 2000 Cavalry, and there he turned North and he raided Smith's base at Memphis.
Don't miss the irony, and hilarity, of what you just read! Smith leaves Memphis to catch Forrest at Oxford, Forrest gives him the slip, and Forrest raids Smith's base at Memphis! "The Wizard of the Saddle" strikes again.
Smith gets to Oxford on August 22, and that afternoon, a rider comes up to him, sitting on his horse on the North side of the courthouse, and tells him that Forrest was in Memphis the night before. Out of pure anger, and for no military purpose, Smith orders the Oxford Courthouse, all Square businesses, and several houses burned. He also orders the University of Mississippi burned!
Smith sent two young Cavalry Captains out to burn the University. They got out there and found only "literary material and scientific apparatus". They were also begged by two Professor/Caretakers not to burn the University. Finally they decided, "not to carry out such a vandal order". The University was saved by the guts and integrity of two Union Captains. That night, in the Union camp, Smith was very angry when he found out his order to burn the University had not been carried out. He said, saddle up your horses now! If we have to ride through Forrest's whole command tonight, we are going back and burn that University. After about 10 minutes of yelling and running around, he calmed down, and countered the order, and it was never mentioned again.
The University was able to restart in the Fall of 1865. It was never more needed than it was that year, for the returning Veterans to get their lives back on track. ONE University Grey DID return for Law School, Captain Frank Pope. The Lyceum, the Old Chapel, and the Old Observatory still stand today.
My friend Donald Hughes Sides found one of the two Union Captains reminiscences that told most of this story, as told here. Thanks Don. This is a GREAT contribution to Ole Miss history.