Cypriot rocks and their unique flora
Cyprus is remarkable for the range of rocks and plants found in a small island - something of a paradise for anyone interested in Earth’s history and natural history. Ancient igneous rocks were uplifted millions of years ago to form the central Tróödhos mountains, as the African plate subducted beneath the Eurasian one. The central part of the massif is one of the few places in the world where you can be walking on 90 million year old rocks, 2000 m above sea level! The metalliferous soils which arise from these rocks support a range of unique, metal-tolerant plants, whilst the surrounding pillow lavas and younger sediments have quite a different flora. The whole sequence is of sufficient interest geologically for the area to have been awarded the status of a UNESCO Global Geopark and a range of ‘Geosites’ of particular interest have been identified, which exemplify the processes which led to the building of the Tróödhos massif. We will visit many of these in our trip, to build up a picture of what has happened here over the last 90 million years.
Cyprus’s botanical interest is three-fold: it is an island, so species have had time to evolve and specialise without too many outside influences; the range of rock types creates soils of many different types, each of which has its own, characteristic, flora; and some of these rocks create soils which are challenging for plants, to say the least, and so can only support specialised plants. We’ll be taking a look at some of these specialised plants but will also have time to hunt for some of the many types of orchid which flower in Cyprus in spring.
See my Cyprus blogs such as this one https://heatherkelly.blog/2019/04/07/cyprus-one-year-on/ to whet your appetite!