14/09/2024
There is enough space for elephants in the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA TFCA) - as long as safe migration between protected ecosystems is made possible.
* Background to Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in the Southern African Development Community (SADC)
A key objective of southern Africa’s Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area is to connect important ecosystems in the region, via ancient wildlife migration corridors, and to prevent human/wildlife conflict.
Connecting vast savannahs, grasslands, marshes, woodlands, saltpans and scrublands across parts of five nations, the 106-million-acre region known as KAZA lies within Africa’s Kavango and Zambezi river basins where Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe converge.
There are 18 Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in the Southern African development Community (SADC) region.
They are in terrestrial and marine environments and are at various stages of development.
The KAZA TFCA was founded on the realisation that natural ecosystems in the KAZA region need to be connected via safe wildlife migration corridors - to allow seasonal dispersal of migrating species between protected areas.
About Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA TFCA)
KAZA TFCA, commonly known as KAZA, is the world’s largest Trans Frontier Conservstiin Area at approximately 520,000km².
The cornerstone of KAZA was laid on 7th December 2006 when the ministers responsible for environment, natural resources, wildlife and tourism in the Republics of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe signed a Memorandum of Understanding to work towards the establishment of the TFCA.
The Treaty formally establishing KAZA TFCA was signed in Luanda, Angola, in August 2011.
This set the stage for a regionally integrated approach towards harmonizing policies, strategies, and practices for managing the shared natural resources straddling the international borders of KAZA’s five Partner States.
This regional integration approach aims to derive equitable socio-economic benefits through the sustainable conservation and development of their natural and cultural heritage resources.
Occupying part of the Okavango and Zambezi river basins, KAZA encompasses areas within the borders of KAZA’s Partner States, the TFCA includes 36 formally proclaimed protected areas made up of a host of game reserves, forest reserves, game/wildlife management areas, and communal lands. Some of these protected areas have designated concessions for non-consumptive tourism development.
KAZA is endowed with a wide range of species diversity – flora and fauna.
There are more than 3,000 plant species throughout the TFCA, of which 100 are endemic to the sub-region.
KAZA also caters to large-scale migrations of megafauna, hosting the largest contiguous population of African elephant on the continent, making the African elephant a flagship species of the TFCA. KAZA is key conservation area for threatened species such as the lion, cheetah, and African wild dog, of which an estimated one quarter of the population is found in the TFCA.
Over 600 bird species have been identified, as well as 128 reptile species and 50 amphibian species.
Importantly, KAZA is home to renowned tourism destinations of the Southern African region including Chobe National Park, Hwange National Park, Kafue National Park, and the Makgadikgadi Pans.
The TFCA is also home to the Victoria Falls, a natural and cultural UNESCO World Heritage Site (mixed WHS), and one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World.
KAZA harbors two additional mixed World Herotage Sites – the Okavango Delta, and Tsodilo Hills.
An estimated 2,5 to 3 million people live in KAZA across its five Partner States, mainly in rural areas.
Through cultural heritage tourism and employment opportunities presented by the tourism value chain, KAZA Partner States aim to enhance the participation of these rural communities in the tourism economy not only through their provision of tourism-related goods and services, but also through celebration and nourishment of the region’s rich cultural diversity.
This can be achievable through facilitating the sharing of age-old knowledge and traditions by rural communities across borders not only with each other, but with the world at large.
https://www.ltandc.org/kavango-zambezi-transfrontier-conservation-area-kaza-tfca/