05/01/2024
In memory of William Gavins
Member of the Alan Brecks Volunteer Regiment Prestonpans
Glorious Revolution
From the second half of the 17th century ,the kingdoms in Great Britain and Iceland suffered political and Religious turmoil. The Commonwealth ended with the restoration of Charles 2nd ,re-establishment of the Church of England and imposition of Episcopalian Church GOVERNMENT.
In 1685 Charles 11 .was succeeded by his Roman Catholic brother .James 11.V11.
He tried to impose Religious intolerance of Roman Catholics and Prodistant Dissenters but antagonised many in the Anglican establishment by his action .as they were suspicious of Catholic power .
Although these actions were widely unpopular. At first majority of his subjects tolerated these acts because james was in his 50 and both of his daughters were committed Prodistants .It seemed that James riegn would be short and a throne would soon be in Prodistant hands .
In 1688 however James younger second wife Mary of Modena gave birth to a boy .
Prince James was promptly baptised a Roman Catholic .Due to the English and Scottish succession laws baby James immediately supplanted his half older sisters to the Throne
Now for the prospect of a Catholic Dynasty on the English Throne seemed all certain
The immortal seven invited James daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange to depose James and jointly rule in his place. On November 4th 1688 William arrived at torbay ,England
After he landed the nest day ,James fled to France ,In February 1689 the Glorious Revolution "formally changed England s monarchs .but many Catholic and Episcopalians and tory royalist still supported James as the constitutionally legitimate monarch
Scotland was slow to accept William ,who summoned a Convention of estates which met on the 14th of March 1689 in Edinburgh. It reviewed a conciliatory letter from William and a haughty one from James .
On James side a modest force of troop of fifty horsemen gathered by John Graham Claverhouse
Viscount Dundee was in town .
Graham attended the convention at the start but withdrew , four days later when it's support for William became evident.
The convention set out terms and William and Mary were proclaimed at Edinburgh on the 11 th of April.the a coronation in London in May