07/10/2014
Day 7---
We woke up this morning happy to have all had a long nights rest. After a quick breakfast at the hotel, we loaded onto a our bus to do a city tour. The kids were excited to be on a bus tour instead of a walking tour. We saw the Arc de Triumph, built to commemorate the victories of Napoleon, the famous shops on the Champs de Élysées, the Palace de Concord where King Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and thousands of others were guillotine during the French Revolution. Les Invalides, a military hospital built during the reign of King Louis XIV. We also saw The military school Napoleon attended, crossed the Siene River to the Left Bank, home of many American ex patriots in the early 20th century. We passed the Sorbonne University and the Musee de Orsay, famous for its impressionist art. After wards, we stopped and took photos of ourselves with the Eiffel Tower in the Background.
Our bus took us out to Versailles, a suburb of Paris and to the largest palace in Europe and former home to three French kings, Louis XIV, Louis XVI, and Louis XVI. Before 1682, it was used as a hunting loge, but Louis XIV made it his main residence after The Fronde (rebellion) in Paris. His father Louis XIII died when he was five and his mother and her finance minister tried to tax the nobles and they rebelled. When he was nine, they broke into his bed chamber. Louis hated Paris and devoted his life to building the Palace and gardens twelve miles from the rebellious city.
Louis thought of himself as The Sun King. He reigned for seventy two years--the longest of any monarch in European history. Suns were every where in the Palace. After we had lunch in town, we toured the main apartments which included the famous Hall of Mirrors, living rooms, a dining room and bedrooms for the King and a separate bedroom for the Queen. Louis allowed all people to visit Versailles if they dressed appropriately, but selected only a few to join him for dinner. Both the king and queen had bedrooms in which people could watch them wake up in the morning. The rooms had a secret passageway so that the king could visit the queen at night. The royal family ate, slept an gave birth with an audience. seventeen babies were born at Versailles and the public was invited to witness their births.
Louis XIV and his wife Maria, a Polish Princess had ten children, two boys and eight girls. The girls were sent away to be educated and the boys were tutored at Versailles. After fifteen pregnancies, Maria was advised not to have children. Madame Pompador became the kings mistress. Her and the Queen were very good friends. Louis XIV lived to be seventy-seven years old. All of his children and grandchildren preceded him in death. He was succeeded by his great grandson who became Louis XV.
The most famous queen to live at Versailles was Marie Antoinette. She was the youngest of Empress Maria Teresa of Austria's sixteen children and was fourteen when she married the dauphin (heir to the French throne). She never returned to her home in Vienna. For the first ten years, her and Louis were childless and every blamed the queen. Eventually, they had four children, two boys and two girls. One girl and one boy died belfry the revolution. The heir to the French throne died in prison of tuberculosis two years after his parents were executed. He was ten years old. Their daughter survived the revolution, but had no children.
After the guided tour of the palace, we had an hour to explore the beautiful gardens of Versailles, which included the"musical fountain." After our tour of Versailles, we returned to Paris. Our bus stopped at the opera house and we had some time to go to Lafayette, a five story department store. At the top, we saw stunning views of Paris, took pictures and headed back to the bus.
Dinner was excellent tonight. We had salad, beef bourguignon, potatoes and dessert. We returned to the hotel at about 8:00 looking, and had time to rest and get ready for Day 8. We feel grateful to have had some many wonderful experiences today. Bonsoir et a demain