11/08/2022
Get to know a Tribe: Mursi are a Nilotic pastoralist ethnie group in Ethiopia. Their territory of around 2,000 km2 lies in the South Omo Zone of the Southern Nations, roughly between the Rivers Omo and close to the border with South Sudan. There are 7,500 Mursi, 448 of whom live in urban areas. Surrounded by mountains between the Omo River and its tributary the Mago, the home of the Mursi is one of the most isolated regions of the country. Due to the climate, they move twice a year between the winter and summer months. They herd cattle and grow crops along the banks of the River.
Life for the Mursi is often arduous and sometimes dangerous. But they have learnt to live well and there is much time for relaxation, chatting, music and gossip. They have a rich oral tradition through which they preserve and transmit their history, philosophical knowledge and moral stories. Religion and healing are very much interconnected for the Mursi. A knowledge of illness and of the divine emerges from people's experiences of the natural and social world. Mursi women are famous for their wooden lip plates, symbol of beauty and identity while men practice light scarification on their shoulders after killing an enemy, and shave geometric patterns on their head.
The most significant early step in favor of the tribe came in the 1960s with the establishment of the Omo National Park. Improved transportation has also drawn the Mursi further into the market economy, where trade in cattle and increasing numbers of tourists provide money which the Mursi use to buy cloth, medicine, coffee, spices and agricultural tools. Today, the process of state-building in the lower Omo appears to have reached a new level of intensity, with the construction of a huge hydroelectric dam in its middle basin. This will eliminate the annual flood upon which the downstream population has always depended for cultivation and pastoralism and make possible large-scale commercial irrigation schemes. These will require the forced displacement and resettlement of thousands of people and irrevocably transform their environment and way life.