27/02/2025
Gilmour Street Station and the Changing Landscape of Paisley in 1888
Gilmour Street Station has long been a focal point in the heart of Paisley, serving as a crucial transport link connecting the town to Glasgow, Ayrshire, and beyond. By 1888, the station had undergone significant expansion, reflecting the rapid industrial growth of Paisley and the increasing reliance on railway transport. However, one notable feature missing from the landscape at the time was the Post Office, which had not yet been constructed on the railway goods yard adjacent to the station.
The 1888 photograph of Gilmour Street Station captures a pivotal moment in the town’s history—a time of transformation, where old and new converged. Hansom cabs waited to be hired, horse-drawn wagons carried goods from the railway yard, and people gathered by the newly erected bridge parapet, observing the station’s latest developments. This article explores the historical context of Gilmour Street Station, its significance in Paisley’s economic and industrial growth, and the broader urban changes that shaped the town in the late 19th century.
1. Gilmour Street Station: The Railway Hub of Paisley
Opened in 1840 as part of the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway, Gilmour Street Station quickly became Paisley’s principal railway station. By the late 19th century, its importance had grown significantly, leading to a major expansion in 1878, which included:
▪️ Additional railway lines to accommodate increased passenger and freight traffic.
▪️ New arched bridges, improving access and train movement.
▪️ A high-level goods yard, which would later become the site of the Post Office.
By 1885, the newly expanded lines had opened to the public, reinforcing Gilmour Street’s role as a key transport hub for both commuters and industrial shipments. The decorated buildings seen in the 1888 photograph likely commemorate these upgrades, marking another milestone in Paisley’s infrastructure growth.
However, Gilmour Street was not the only railway station in town, as a rivalry existed between the Glasgow & South Western Railway (G&SWR) and the Caledonian Railway. This competition shaped the railway landscape in Paisley:
G&SWR (Glasgow & South Western Railway) operated Gilmour Street as part of its main route to Glasgow St Enoch, Ayrshire, and beyond. The company also controlled Paisley Canal Station, which provided an alternative route to Glasgow St Enoch.
Caledonian Railway also ran services through Gilmour Street, connecting Glasgow Central to Wemyss Bay, Gourock, and Greenock, ensuring competition on the westward routes.
Over time, Paisley’s railway network evolved dramatically. While Gilmour Street remained the town’s primary station, some lines did not survive into the modern era. Notably:
The G&SWR line from Princes Pier (Greenock) to St Enoch (Glasgow) via Paisley Canal closed in 1983, ending direct services on this route. However, part of the Canal line was later reopened, providing a commuter link between Glasgow Central and Paisley Canal.
The Caledonian Railway’s mainline through Gilmour Street survived and continues to operate today as the ScotRail services to Ayrshire, Wemyss Bay, and Gourock.
Thus, while Gilmour Street retained its role as Paisley’s key station, the G&SWR route via Paisley Canal was lost, whereas the Caledonian Railway's lines remained an essential part of Scotland’s rail network.
2. The Missing Post Office: A Future Landmark
One of the most striking omissions from the 1888 scene is the Post Office, which had not yet been constructed. Instead, the location where the Post Office would later stand was occupied by a fenced railway goods yard, belonging to the railway company. This yard was a bustling hub of activity, used for the loading and unloading of freight.
▪️ Cowan & Co, visible in the photograph, were major carting contractors for the North British Railway Company, facilitating the movement of goods between railways and local businesses.
▪️ The yard played a crucial role in industrial logistics, handling shipments of textiles, whisky, and machinery—key industries of Paisley.
▪️ The decision to build the Post Office on this site highlights how transport and communication networks were being integrated during the late Victorian era.
With the rise of the railway postal service, many towns strategically placed their post offices near railway stations, ensuring quick dispatch and collection of mail. The Paisley Post Office, once constructed, became an essential part of this network, linking the town’s commercial activities to national and international markets.
3. Industrial Paisley: A Town Driven by Manufacturing and Trade
By 1888, Paisley was one of Scotland’s most industrialised towns, renowned for its manufacturing prowess. The economy was dominated by several key industries, all of which relied heavily on railway transport:
▪️ Thread Manufacturing – Paisley was world-famous for its textile industry, led by J. & P. Coats and Clark & Co. These companies used the railway to transport vast quantities of thread and fabric to markets across Britain and overseas.
▪️ Whisky Distilling – Several distilleries operated in Paisley, with whisky being shipped from the railway yards to Glasgow and beyond for export.
▪️ Iron Foundries & Engineering – With growing demand for industrial machinery and railway components, Paisley’s engineering sector was thriving.
▪️ Shipbuilding Connections – Though major shipyards were located in Glasgow and Clydebank, Paisley contributed to the industry through metalworks, timber supplies, and skilled labour.
With freight trains constantly moving raw materials and finished products, Gilmour Street Station was more than just a passenger hub—it was a lifeline for Paisley’s economy. The 1888 photograph, showing horse-drawn wagons transporting goods from the railway yard, captures this vital aspect of daily life.
4. The Role of Hansom Cabs and Pre-Tram Transport
Before electric trams revolutionised urban transport in the early 20th century, towns like Paisley relied on horse-drawn vehicles for local travel. The presence of two hansom cabs in the 1888 photograph provides insight into transport options available at the time.
▪️ Hansom cabs were a common sight outside railway stations, offering an efficient way for travellers to reach their final destinations.
▪️ The horses used for both cabs and freight wagons were an essential part of the town’s transport network, requiring stables, blacksmiths, and feed suppliers.
▪️ Discussions about introducing a tram system were already taking place in the 1880s, although electric trams wouldn’t appear in Paisley until 1903.
The reliance on horse-drawn transport highlights how urban travel was slow, expensive, and dependent on road conditions—challenges that would eventually lead to major public transport reforms.
5. Holy Trinity Church: A Gothic Landmark in the Background
One of the most visually striking elements in the 1888 photograph is Holy Trinity Church, whose spired gable rises in the background. Built in 1831, the church was designed by James Gillespie Graham, a prominent Scottish architect known for his Gothic Revival style.
▪️ Holy Trinity was an Anglican (Episcopalian) church, standing out in a town that was predominantly Presbyterian.
▪️ Its presence in the photograph contrasts the modern railway infrastructure with traditional religious architecture, symbolising the coexistence of past and present in Paisley.
▪️ The church remains an important historical landmark, reflecting Paisley’s diverse religious and cultural history.
6. The Future of Gilmour Street: Electrification and Beyond
The years following 1888 saw further transformation of Gilmour Street Station and its surroundings:
▪️ 1903 – Paisley introduced its first electric trams, changing urban mobility.
▪️ 1912 – Additional railway upgrades improved services, reinforcing Gilmour Street’s status as the town’s central station.
▪️ 1923 – The merger of railway companies into LMS (London, Midland & Scottish Railway) ended the long rivalry between G&SWR and the Caledonian Railway.
▪️ 1960s – Electrification of Scottish railways modernised Gilmour Street’s infrastructure, allowing for faster and more efficient train services.
Today, Gilmour Street remains Paisley’s busiest railway station, a testament to its historical importance and continued relevance in Scotland’s transport network.
Conclusion: A Moment in Time, A Town in Transition
The 1888 photograph of Gilmour Street Station captures a Paisley in transition—a town shaped by railways, industry, and evolving urban landscapes. The station’s expansion symbolised the town’s growth, while the soon-to-be-built Post Office represented the increasing importance of communication and logistics.
From the hansom cabs and goods wagons to the towering spire of Holy Trinity Church, every element in the image tells a story of a town balancing tradition and modernisation. Today, Paisley’s industrial past may have faded, but Gilmour Street remains a lasting symbol of its historic significance and resilience.