17/11/2022
The Knights Templar
Written by Blue Badge Tourist Guide, Yvonne Leach
So many, not insignificant, parts of our history are hidden away, maybe beneath our feet, behind a hedgerow, or high on a hill surrounded by grazing land. Old stories and facts, shrouded in the mists of time, and much myth and legend confuse us, modern day authors give us amazing fiction, but cause us to question the realities. However, the work carried out by historians and archaeologists enlighten us, and pieces of ancient jigsaw puzzles begin to come together. Such a story is that of the Knights Templar, and their presence, and influence on cities like Canterbury, ports such as Dover, and tiny rural villages, and settlements comprising, now, farmland and meadows. An example is the village of Temple Ewell, located just North West of Dover in the Kent Downs. So who were the Knights Templar ? The Templars were founded in Jerusalem on Christmas Day 1119 at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, on the spot, which is said to mark the crucifixion, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ. This was a religious order, but of fighting Knights. Dressed in their white uniforms, emblazoned with a red cross, they assumed their responsibility to protect pilgrims en route to, and in the Holy Land.
Originally just known as Ewell, the village of Temple Ewell, probably took its name from the natural sources of water which arise there. The Manor was granted to the Knights Templar during the 1160s. It is thought that they built their Preceptory on Temple Hill, on the East side of the Village. Not a sign of this can be seen today, and countless generations of schoolchildren have played in those hills, never knowing of what stood there hundreds of years earlier. Certainly, the Organisation was responsible for building the magnificent Parish Church of St Peter &St Paul, with the first recorded vicar being one John Sacardos, under the Patronage of the Master of Temple, in 1185. It is believed that King John, after a period of Excommunication, in the spring of 1213 met with the Pope’s envoy, Pandulph Varroaccio, at this church in the village. Here a second meeting was arranged, and this, we think took place in the Preceptory on Temple Hill. Here, the King effectively paid homage to Pope Innocent 111, surrendering his crown, and promising to pay a hefty sum each year, in recognition of the Pope being the Overlord for the whole Kingdom. The act was to buy the Pope’s allegiance should there be an invasion from France. A stroke of genius really, as any invasion attempt would be against the Pope rather than King John, with dire results for the French King.
I used to think that this ceremony may have taken place at another little known, and very well hidden site in Dover itself. Indeed, high up on the White Cliffs (Western Heights) – one can see the remains of a small chapel, also a Knights Templar Church. (see picture) However, it is because of interpretations from the Latin, and it is now thought that the wording which says ‘ at a temple near Dover ‘ might well be Temple Hill, rather than the clifftop chapel.
Another sighting of our search for the Knights Templar is in Canterbury. Perhaps, in the unlikely location of looking at the Old Synagogue in Kings Street. This is now part of the Kings School. A wonderful example of Egyptian Revival architecture, it now serves as the school’s music recital hall. When we have marvelled at the building itself, stand back, and look down to the pavement, and here we learn that this was once the site of a Medieval Knights Templar Hospice.
The story of the Knights Templar has a sad ending. There was much concern and distrust about secret initiation ceremonies, and dislike of financial dealings which gave the Organisation great wealth and power. By 1307, many of the Order’s members were arrested and tortured, probably into false confessions. The Order was disbanded in 1312. Strangely, many of their lands were given over to an earlier Order; The Order of the Knights of the Hospital of St John in Jerusalem. Their story is also an interesting one, and their associations with Kent and Sussex are numerous, but that is for another day. All around us is a magnificent heritage, you just have to peep behind the scenes. All part of the here in South East England.