17/05/2022
A MOST AUDACIOUS RAID!
May 16th 1943, seventy nine years ago, 133 men prepared themselves for a top secret raid, so secret they did not know where they were going until the last moments! The Squadron of Lancasters took off late evening on the 16th May.
The Squadron had been formed specifically to attack three major dams that provided hydro-electric power and water to the Ruhr Valley, an area of enormous industrial significance to Germany. As a result, 617 Squadron and "Operation Chastise" would go down in history as one of the most audacious ever conceived.
The destruction of the dams depended on the accurate deployment of a new 9,000 pound bomb invented by Barnes Wallis, the Assistant Chief Designer at Vickers aircraft factory. Nicknamed the ‘bouncing bomb’, he created a cylindrical bomb that would be spun backwards at a speed of 500rpm before being dropped onto water from a precise height at a precise speed. The bomb would then bounce over the torpedo nets installed in the dams’ reservoirs before spinning down the dam wall and exploding.
The squadron began their mission from RAF Scampton, arriving at their targets in the early hours of the 17th May. They breached two of the dams the Möhne and the Eder, , and damaged the third, the Sorpe dam. 19 Lancaster's took part of which 8 were shot down during the raid and 53 airmen were killed that night. 3 others were captured and spent the war as PoW's.
The flooding from the breached dams slowed down the German industrial production for a number of months while major repairs had to be carried out.
Only one of those brave men is still with us in the UK, 79 years later, Squadron Leader George "Johnny" Johnson, MBE, DFM.
May they never be forgotten......
photographs courtesy of the BBC.