Dr.Ankur Gupta

04/06/2020

16/03/2020

05/03/2020

Covid in ENT Perspective

02/03/2020

Hearing is precious

29/02/2020

28/02/2020

Just a little Care

27/02/2020

Enjoying the MUSIC forever

25/02/2020

How we hear

24/02/2020

Signs of hearing loss

19/02/2020

Early detection Early intervention May lead to prevention

18/02/2020

The journey of sound

17/02/2020

Epistaxis Management at KANAG

13/02/2020

Some facts about Thyroid

12/02/2020

11/02/2020

One of the manoeuvre for Vertigo which should be done under Doctors supervision

08/02/2020

Possible reasons for Vertigo.Though the list is endless ,these are the commonest one

07/02/2020

Vertigo is quite disturbing

05/02/2020

We encounter foreign bodies in our day to day life.This simple graphic may help .In case the problem persist then consult an ENT Specialist for Ear Nose Throat Foreign Bodies

01/02/2020

Some more facts about corona *Corona Virus Update: All questions answered*


It’s not new

Every decade a zoonotic coronavirus crosses species to infect human populations and in this decade, we have a virus, provisionally called 2019-nCoV, first identified in Wuhan, China, in persons exposed to a seafood or wet market.

*Name*

The name of coronavirus comes from its shape, which resembles a crown or solar corona when imaged using an electron microscope.

The three deadly human respiratory coronaviruses viruses so far

1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [SARS-CoV]
2. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus [MERS-CoV])
3. 2019-nCoV: The virus is 75 to 80% identical to the SARS-CoV

*Pathogenesis*

People infected with these coronaviruses suffer a severe inflammatory response.

It has high mortality

In the current situation the mortality rate is 3%. The severity of illness is concerning: almost a third of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring intensive care; six patients died; five had acute cardiac injury; and four required ventilation.

Its Zoonotic

It is closely related to several bat coronaviruses. Bats are the primary reservoir for the virus. SARS-CoV was transmitted to humans from exotic animals in wet markets, whereas MERS-CoV is transmitted from camels to humans. In both cases, the ancestral hosts were probably bats.


It is more infectious to humans

Notably, 2019-nCoV grows better in primary human airway epithelial cells than in standard tissue-culture cells, unlike SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. It is likely that 2019-nCoV will behave more like SARS-CoV.


Human to Human infection is weak

Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infect intrapulmonary epithelial cells more than cells of the upper airways. Consequently, transmission occurs primarily from patients with recognized illness and not from patients with mild, nonspecific signs.

It appears that 2019-nCoV uses the same cellular receptor as SARS-CoV (human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [hACE2]), so transmission is expected only after signs of lower respiratory tract disease develop.

The median time from onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 7·0 days (4·0–8·0), to shortness of breath was 8·0 days (5·0–13·0), to ARDS was 9·0 days (8·0–14·0), to mechanical ventilation was 10·5 days (7·0–14·0), and to ICU admission was 10·5 days.

*Its unlikely tp spread by eating sea food in India*
It has been traced to snakes in China so unlikely to spread in India by eating sea food. Snakes often hunt for bats in wild. Reports indicate that snakes were sold in the local seafood market in Wuhan, raising the possibility that the 2019-nCoV might have jumped from the host species -- bats -- to snakes and then to humans at the beginning of this coronavirus outbreak. However, how the virus could adapt to both the cold-blooded and warm-blooded hosts remains a mystery.

*Flight Transmission*

Transmission of foodborne diseases on aircraft, including cholera, shigellosis, salmonellosis, and staphylococcal food poisoning, have been well documented. Transmission of smallpox on aircraft was reported in 1965. An outbreak of influenza occurred in 1979 among passengers on a flight that had a three hours’ ground delay before takeoff. The influenza attack rate among the passengers was very high (72 %), and was attributed to the ventilation system not operating during the ground delay. Epidemiological investigations have also indicated that measles may have been transmitted aboard international flights. To date, no case of active TB has been identified as a result of exposure while on a commercial aircraft. However, there is some evidence that transmission of M. tuberculosis may occur during long (i.e. more than eight hours) flights, from an infectious source (a passenger or crew member) to other passengers or crew members.

*It’s a large droplet infection*

Transmission of 2019-nCoV probably occurs by means of large droplets and contact and less so by means of aerosols and fomites, on the basis of experience with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.


*Universal droplets precautions the answer*

1. Quarantining for two weeks of the LRTI patient
2. Timely diagnosis
3. Strict adherence to universal precautions


Its all over

Australia (4), Macau (1), Hong Kong ( 5), France(3), Japan (3), Malaysia (4), Nepal (1), Singapore (3), Taiwan (3), South Korea (3), Thailand (5), United states (3), Vietnam (2),

*Is it a public health emergency*

There is an emergency in China, but it has not yet become a global health emergency.

31/01/2020

Self Assessment of Tinnitus

29/01/2020

29/01/2020

Some more information on Corona Virus