02/04/2024
1971 India Pakistan War, Liberation of Bangladesh and New India’s evolving Perspective of CAA
India Pakistan of 1971 is called Liberation war of Bangladesh; in this article we find the causes its impact, Minorities in India Pakistan & Bangladesh and its today’s perspective in relation with CAA
1971 India Pakistan war that is known as Liberation war of Bangladesh is significant event in Indian political history. It led to creation of Bangladesh; it eliminated Indian headache of having two front aggressive Pakistani regions. This war was triggered by Bengali Nationalist uprising, cultural differences, Hindus in east Pakistan were considered less loyal to Pakistan.
This dissent was seeded with Md. Jinha declaring Urdu will be the official language, preferred over Bengali, even in East Pakistan. It led to widespread “the language movement” in Pakistan.” One of the prominent reasons of the uprising was, the Elite Muslim leadership in west Pakistan treated Bengalis of east Pakistan as Inferior. The Bengalis were denied all the development benefits from the revenue, Pakistan earned off the export of jute and tea (that came from East Pakistan), that was looted by these west Pakistanis. Because Bengalis took great pride in their language, culture, its Bengali script and vocabulary, was opposed by west Pakistan, they believed it had considerable Hindu influences.
Awami Leader Mujibur Rehman’s victory east state assembly and near majority victory in National Assembly and West Pakistan Leaders feared the liberal government and change in constitution. They refused premiership to Mujibur Rahman Shaikh. These events led to national wide strikes and subsequent riots. The 1971 war began, when the Pakistani military attacked Bangali Hindu civilian, students, intellectuals, armed Bengali Hindus. Who are asking for greater say in governance against ruling government. That enraged the elite west Pakistani Muslims, its Army. It began with crackdown against Bengali civilians, students, intellectuals and armed personnel in East Pakistan (Present Day Bangladesh), This uprising in Bangladesh was triggered by Nationalist Bengali Movement, East Pakistan that is today’s Bangladesh. These events led to uprising against west Pakistani government in Bangladeshi for supressing their rights, cultural and language preference. This dissent triggered the great Bengali uprising and Estimated 3-5 million Bengalis were killed and around 10 million refugees flee in India. This has been Hindu condition, becomes even worse, wherever they are fallen to selfish motives. weakened themselves due to external threats fears or cast based voting new emerging trend to be isolated, stranded, irrespective cast, creeds and ethnicity, they have been reduced like plight in Pakistan or Bangladesh. It put lot of strain on Indian Economy. With emerging victorious India become one of the significant powers in Asia, negotiations at Simla Agreement may be better.
Indian entered the war on Dec 3, 1971 after the request for military assistance from the government of East Pakistan. Pakistan began the operation Chnagiz Khan, consisting of aerial strikes at eight Indian airfields, that led to India declaring war on Pakistan. Indian Air Forces responded with air strikes same night. It was full scale war, expanded the existing conflict with Indian and Pakistani Army, engaging on eastern and western frontiers. Indian Navy launched surprise attack on Karachi Port on the night of 4/5 Dec 1971, Indian Army took positioned on East Pakstan, It developed the series of anti-radar, anti-airfield attacked, supported by Jets. Pakistan was supported by US UK and China; India was ably supported by Soviet Union. Indian Armed Forces’ bravery captured 15010 km Pakistan’s territory, after 13 days India won on Dec 16, which is celebrated as Vijay Diwas. Indian PM Indira Gandhi shown an exemplary Leadership. Pakistan was split into two territories; east Pakistan has been created Independent Bangladesh as nation.
Casualties and after war conditions, refugee camps:
India entered into war to counter Pakistan’s one of the dreaded Genocide in then East Pakistan. Western Pakistani army and its collaborated armed militants killed about 3,00,000 to 5,00,000 Bengalis. These war hungry militants and collaborators also carried genocidal r**e, ra**ng 200000 to 400000 Bangali women. It is estimated about 10 million Bengali refugees fled in India. Off course, Pakistani refused the numbers, this war is also known for Indian Service kindness to set up refugee camps. Indian government opened East Pakistan-India the borders to allow the Bengali Refugees to find the safe shelter, Governments of west Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Meghalaya and Tripura established refugee camps along with Borders, it influx of impoverished East Pakistani refugees, hit already struggling economy. This whole scene highlights the importance of emerging staunch, fierce, Effective Hindu to Every common Man of India, who idolize the common tenets of Bhartiytva and its culture who believes in the power service of humanity.
Pakistani Surrender, War Treaty:
On Dec 16 1971, 93000 of servicemen of Pakistan Army were taken by India as Prisoners of War, out of which 81,000 were Pakistani soldier, Bangladeshi Militants and 12,000 were Bangladeshi civilian either family members or collaborators.
On ground Pakistan army suffered the most 8,000 killed and 25000 wounded, while India dead and 12000 wounded. While India had 3000 dead and 12000 wounded. Loss od armoured vehicle was similarly imbalanced and this finally represented a major defeat for Pakistan.
Simla Treaty Agreement:
On July 2, 1972, the India Pakistan summit was reached in Simla, Himachal Pradesh, and signed between PM Indira Ji Gandhi and President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. The treaty provided the insurance to Bangladesh that Pakistan recognised Bangaldesh’s sovereignty, in exchange for the return of Pakistani POWs. In next five months India released more than 90,000 war prisoners. The treaty also gave back more than 13,000 Km of the land that Indian Army captured in Pakistan during the war, though India retained few strategic Area of Turtuk, Dhotang, Tyakashi and Chalunka and Chorbat Valley which was more than 883 km. Treaty was criticised for being lenient to President Bhutto.
The state Minorities in India Pakistan Bangladeshi:
India truly indulges its minorities with utmost care, in the words of Dr Manmohan Singh governments inducting cabinet ministry for Minorities. Modi Government distributed 31% Mudra loan of its total allotted credits to Minorities since 2014. Stat government and its CM wish Muslim youth take up academics seriously instead of Madrassas Education, Muslim youth becomes IAS, IPS, Doctors and Engineers. Modi Government made amendment in Tripple Talaq Bill, so Muslim women feel empowered, lead the life with dignity. Most Importantly, Jammu and Kashmir Valley was used to be terrorism ploughed, ravaged, with repealing of Article 370, Jammu & Kashmir started experiencing the talks of development, increase in domestic tourism. Indian Governments should be given credit restoring the humanities, tackling the terrorism. Yet we witnessed attacks on Hindu Festival, Ram Navami Procession in India.
There are many incidents recorded in media that Pakistan illtreat minorities. Pakistan is known for denial of human rights and religious freedom of Hindus in Pakistan. Pakistan is known for exporting terrorism. There are number of incidents of minorities abuse, forcible conversion, its attacks on places Hindu temples, and non-Muslim minorities reduced from 23 % to 4%. Still UN does not find it anything as “Massive human right violations”
Bangladesh has always been friendly nation since its formation in 1971, Its recent attacks on Hindus, growing militant groups like ISIS is definitely factors to considers. In 2021, there was attack on Hindu ISCON Temple and there are growing attacks since 2013, which is alarming.
Above incidents clearly show Hindus in Pakistan, even in Bangladesh as mentioned pre 1971 war background, find it difficult to survive and in search of better livelihood, opportunities, they want to seek refuge in India. It is our duty to help them and settle them.
CAA promised for the expediated grant of citizenship to non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan Bangladesh and Afghanistan (Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian communities).
To conclude, I have some questions for you, whether Ayodhya Kashi Mathura and other 40000 places are Hindu Religious Places of worship? I have question for you whether Hindus are in Pakistan Bangladesh ill-treated, Is there any “Massive Human Right Violations against them, Whether CAA and NRC should be supported by commoners like us?
Regards,
Amar Koli
