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29/07/2020

Top 10 Best National Parks in Tanzania – Overview

Mar 30, 2018

Lion in the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania
Stalk the stalker, watch it pounce upon its prey, see millions of animals crossing a river, track gorillas, live in the wild and discover unusual species while you’re at it. A wildlife safari is one of the biggest charms of any African adventure and Tanzania is perhaps the best country for a journey into the wild. Tanzania’s national parks are designed to suit all kinds of interests, preferences and comfort levels, and you can be rest assured that there is a safari which is perfect for you.

But before you embark on your safari adventure, you need to make one of the biggest decisions – which park to visit and which park to leave out. Serengeti or Ngorongoro feel like the most obvious places to be, but it is equally possible that you have a much better time in one of the lesser-known parks.

Bookmundi recommends you to ask yourself the following questions as they should help you zero in on the best national park in Tanzania.

* When do you plan to visit Tanzania?
* Which animals attract you the most?
* Do you prefer crowds or wish to explore the park without having to come across other tour groups?
* Game drives, hot air balloons, fly camping, walking expeditions into the wild – which of these attract you the most?
* Would you like to watch a few predators or thousands of game animals?
* What kind of accommodation are you looking for?
* Are you a budget traveler or are you searching for luxury?

Below we are listing highlights, lowlights, and facts about some of the top national parks in Tanzania:

# 1 SERENGETI NATIONAL PARK
Home to the Great Migration, Serengeti National Park easily makes its way into most bucket lists. This fascinating park presents all kinds of ecosystems which allows it to host a variety of plants, birds and animals. The sheer diversity makes it one of the most unique national parks in Africa. Over the years, Serengeti National Park has attracted people from all walks of life, including movie stars, celebrities, writers and poets, and it easily ranks as one of the most coveted safari destinations in Africa.

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Top 10 Best National Parks in Tanzania – Overview
Mar 30, 2018
Lion in the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania
Stalk the stalker, watch it pounce upon its prey, see millions of animals crossing a river, track gorillas, live in the wild and discover unusual species while you’re at it. A wildlife safari is one of the biggest charms of any African adventure and Tanzania is perhaps the best country for a journey into the wild. Tanzania’s national parks are designed to suit all kinds of interests, preferences and comfort levels, and you can be rest assured that there is a safari which is perfect for you.

But before you embark on your safari adventure, you need to make one of the biggest decisions – which park to visit and which park to leave out. Serengeti or Ngorongoro feel like the most obvious places to be, but it is equally possible that you have a much better time in one of the lesser-known parks.

Bookmundi recommends you to ask yourself the following questions as they should help you zero in on the best national park in Tanzania.

When do you plan to visit Tanzania?
Which animals attract you the most?
Do you prefer crowds or wish to explore the park without having to come across other tour groups?
Game drives, hot air balloons, fly camping, walking expeditions into the wild – which of these attract you the most?
Would you like to watch a few predators or thousands of game animals?
What kind of accommodation are you looking for?
Are you a budget traveler or are you searching for luxury?
Below we are listing highlights, lowlights, and facts about some of the top national parks in Tanzania:

#1 SERENGETI NATIONAL PARK

Home to the Great Migration, Serengeti National Park easily makes its way into most bucket lists. This fascinating park presents all kinds of ecosystems which allows it to host a variety of plants, birds and animals. The sheer diversity makes it one of the most unique national parks in Africa. Over the years, Serengeti National Park has attracted people from all walks of life, including movie stars, celebrities, writers and poets, and it easily ranks as one of the most coveted safari destinations in Africa.

Wildebeest Migration in the Serengeti plains
A view of the Great Migration taking place in Serengeti National Park

Highlights

Home to the Great Migration
Authentic game viewing opportunities
Hot air balloon safaris
One of the best destinations to spot African predators
Excellent accommodation options

Lowlights

The park is very crowded during peak season
Serengeti National Park Facts
Number of annual visitors: +350,000
Size: 13,250 sq. km.
Altitude: 3,737 feet to 7,133 feet
Common Animal Sightings: Wildebeest, giraffe, gazelle, big cats, elephant, zebra, eland, topi, kongoni.
Best Season to Visit: June to July and January to February
Nearby Attractions: Ngorongoro Conservation Center, Lake Natron, Tarangire National Park

23/07/2020

Udzungwa Mountains

The Udzungwa Mountains are a mountain range in south-central Tanzania. The mountains are mostly within Iringa Region, south of Tanzania's capital Dodoma. The Udzungwa Mountains are part of the Eastern Arc Mountains, and are home to a biodiverse community of flora and fauna with large numbers of endemic species.

The mountains are home to the Hehe people, and the name Udzungwa comes from the Kihehe word “Wadzungwa", which means the people who live on mountainsides. Iringa is the largest settlement in the mountains, and the regional headquarters.

23/07/2020

Uluguru Mountains

Learn more

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The Uluguru Mountains are a mountain range in eastern Tanzania, named after the Luguru tribe.[1] The main portion of the Uluguru Mountains is a ridge running roughly north-south and rising to 2,630 metres (8,600 ft) altitude at its highest point.[2] On the main Uluguru range, 50 villages touch the forest boundary and over 151,000 people are found within the mountain area, often at increasing densities at higher altitudes up to the forest boundary.

Uluguru Mountain Ranges

Highest point

Elevation
2,630 m (8,630 ft)
Geography
Location
Morogoro, Tanzania

23/07/2020

Rondo Plateau

African teak on the Rondo Plateau, c.1908

The Nigerian brigade halts on the Rondo Plateau, October 1917, World War I
The Rondo Plateau, also known as the Muera Plateau, is a high and extensive massif in the Lindi Region of southeastern of Tanzania. A portion of the plateau is protected by the Rondo Forest Reserve.[1] It is one of a group of dissected plateaus lying between the Mbwemburu and Lukuledi rivers. It is about 60 km inland from Lindi, and is situated 15 km north of the Masasi road. It was revealed as an important biodiversity site in studies conducted since the 1980s.[1]

23/07/2020

Usambara Mountain

The western Usambara

The Government Hotel.
The Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania in tropical East Africa, comprise the easternmost ranges of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The ranges of approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) long and about half that wide, are situated in the Lushoto District of the Tanga Region. They were formed nearly two million years ago by faulting and uplifting, and are composed of Precambrian metamorphic rocks. They are split into two sub-ranges; the West Usambaras being higher than the East Usambaras, which are nearer the coast and receive more rainfall.

The mountains are clad in virgin tropical rainforest which has been isolated for a long period and they are a centre of endemism. Historically they were inhabited by Bantu, Shambaa, and Maasai people but in the eighteenth century, a Shambaa kingdom was founded by Mbegha. The kingdom eventually fell apart after a succession struggle in 1862. German colonists settled in the area which was to become German East Africa, and after World War I it became part of the British mandated territory of Tanganyika.

23/07/2020

Mount Rungwe

Mount Rungwe is a volcanic mountain in Mbeya Region, in Tanzania's Southern Highlands. At an altitude of 2,981 metres (9,780 ft), it is southern Tanzania's second highest peak. Rungwe's volcano is currently inactive.

23/07/2020

Mount Hanang

Mount Hanang is a mountain in Tanzania. The peak has an elevation of 3,420 m[1] above sea level. Hanang is located in Manyara Region, Hanang District. It is (after Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Meru and Mount Loolmalasin) the fourth-highest mountain in Tanzania, if you count the three peaks of Kilimanjaro as one mountain.

Mount Hanang

Mount Hanang.jpg

Highest point
Elevation
3,420 m (11,220 ft) [1]
Prominence
2,050 m (6,730 ft) [1]
Listing
Ultra
Coordinates
4°26′06″S 35°24′00″E [1]

Location
Manyara Region,
Tanzania

The principal path to the summit starts in the town of Katesh. The climb can be done in one day (10 hours), but it is also common for climbers to spend one night in a tented camp on the mountain and reach the summit on the second day.[2]

23/07/2020

Nguru Mountains

The Nguru Mountains are a mountain range in Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Africa. The Nguru Mountains are part of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The mountains are predominantly covered with rainforest, home to 83 species of birds (Romdal 2001) and African violets. There are a number of forest reserves in the mountains.

23/07/2020

Minziro Forest Reserve

The Minziro (Nature) Forest Reserve is a 24,841 ha[1] conservation area along the Kagera River in Bukoba district of northwestern Tanzania. It protects one of the largest forests in Tanzania, of a forest type that is unique in the country. It was gazetted in 1947[1] and is situated at around 1,150 metres a.s.l.[2] in fairly level terrain. The forest is continuous with the Malabigambo Forest over the nearby Uganda border.[3] The largest part consists of Baikiaea–Podocarpus seasonal swamp forests[1] while the remainder is flooded acacia woodlands.

Location in Tanzania

Location
Kagera Region, Missenyi District, Tanzania
Nearest city
Bukoba
Coordinates
01°06′21″S 31°30′58″E
Area
248.41 km2 (95.91 sq mi)

23/07/2020

Pare Mountains

The Pare Mountains are a mountain range in northeastern Tanzania, north west of the Usambara Mountains. Administratively, the mountains are a part of Kilimanjaro Region. There are two mountain ranges - North and South Pare ranges, which rise to 2,463 m at Shengena Peak. They form part of the Eastern Arc of mountains. The Pare people live in the area.[1]

The Pare Mountains are accessible by 4WD, but there are few roads in the South Pares. Species in the Pare mountains include the endemic South Pare white-eye (Zosterops winifredae), mountain buzzard (Buteo oreophilus), olive woodpecker (Mesopicos griseocephalus), moustached tinkerbird (Pogoniulus leucomystax) and the African hill babbler (Pseudoalcippe abyssinica).

During its German occupation, the area around Neu-Hornow (modern Shume) was used for lumber exports along the Usambara Railway.

North Pare Mountains

23/07/2020

The Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania in tropical East Africa, comprise the easternmost ranges of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The ranges of approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) long and about half that wide, are situated in the Lushoto District of the Tanga Region. They were formed nearly two million years ago by faulting and uplifting, and are composed of Precambrian metamorphic rocks. They are split into two sub-ranges; the West Usambaras being higher than the East Usambaras, which are nearer the coast and receive more rainfall.

The mountains are clad in virgin tropical rainforest which has been isolated for a long period and they are a centre of endemism. Historically they were inhabited by Bantu, Shambaa, and Maasai people but in the eighteenth century, a Shambaa kingdom was founded by Mbegha. The kingdom eventually fell apart after a succession struggle in 1862. German colonists settled in the area which was to become German East Africa, and after World War I it became part of the British mandated territory of Tanganyika.

23/07/2020

Forest Nature Reserves (FNRs)

are a designation under the National Forest Act of Tanzania which offers the highest level of protection. FNRs are state-owned and are managed by the Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) Agency. No extraction of timber or animals is permitted in forest nature reserves, and activities are generally restricted to research, education, and nature-based tourism.

* Amani Nature Forest Reserve
* Chome Nature Forest Reserve
* Kilombero Nature Forest Reserve
* Magamba Nature Forest Reserve
* Minziro Nature Forest Reserve
* Mkingu Forest Nature Reserve
* Mount Hanang Nature Forest Reserve
* Mount Rungwe Nature Forest Reserve
* Nilo Nature Forest Reserve
* Rondo Nature Forest Reserve
* Uluguru Nature Forest Reserve
* Uzungwa Scarp Nature Forest Reserve

23/07/2020

Wildlife of Tanzania

Plains zebra (Equus quagga) and blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) observed in the Ngorongoro Crater of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area.

The spectacular mass movement of wildebeests in Tanzania as observed in the Serengeti National Park.
Tanzania contains some 20 percent of the species of Africa’s large mammal population, found across its reserves, conservation areas, marine parks, and 17 national parks, spread over an area of more than 42,000 square kilometres (16,000 sq mi) and forming approximately 38 percent of the country's territory.[1][2] Wildlife resources of Tanzania are described as "without parallel in Africa" and "the prime game viewing country". Serengeti National Park, the country's second largest national park area at 14,763 square kilometres (5,700 sq mi), is located in northern Tanzania and is famous for its extensive migratory herds of wildebeests and zebra while also having the reputation as one of the great natural wonders of the world. The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, established in 1959, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site[3] and inhabited by the Maasai people.[4] Its Ngorongoro Crater is the largest intact caldera in the world.[5][6]

The national parks are also part of the wetlands of Tanzania. The wild animals tend to be closer to the wetlands, particularly the water loving species such as the hippopotamus, waterbuck, common warthog, elephant, crocodile, sitatunga as well as water birds such as flamingoes and ducks.

22/07/2020

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09/12/2018

10 Tourist Attractions in Tanzania
Last updated on Dec 7, 2018 in Africa 4 Comments

Founded in 1964 from two separate nation-states, Tanzania is home to Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain, and is one of Africa’s most popular safari destinations. The country also has dozens of beautiful white sandy beaches such as those found in the island of Zanzibar. Here are some of the most unforgettable tourist attractions in Tanzania.

10. Ruaha National Park
Ruaha National Parkflickr/whl.travel
Located in the middle of Tanzania, the Ruaha National Park is the largest national park in the country. The park is named after the Hehe word “ruvaha,” meaning “river.” Filled with wild dogs, lions, leopards, elephants, cheetah, giraffes, zebras, impala, bat eared foxes and jackals, the park offers visitors an opportunity to get up close and personal with nature. Due to the parks somewhat rnemote location visitors can enjoy viewing the wildlife without competing with hordes of other tourists.

9. Selous Game Reserve
Selous Game Reserveflickr/Kevin H.
Savanna animals can be found in this reserve in greater numbers than in any other African game reserve, thanks to stringent regulation by the Wildlife Division of the Tanzanian Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. Most visitors arrive by aircraft, and walking tours or river trips are permitted, though no human habitation or permanent structures are allowed.

8. Pemba Island
Pemba Islandflickr/brittonpaul83
Known as the Green Island in Arabic, Pemba Island lies in the Indian Ocean and is part of the “Spice Islands”. As neighboring Zanzibar is becoming more and more popular with tourists, more adventurous travellers are seeking out the less-crowded Pemba. The island is especially popular with divers who come here for the untouched coral and very abundant marine life.

7. Tarangire National Park
Tarangire National Parkflickr/Debraj
Smaller than Ruaha, this national park is a paradise for bird watchers as more than 550 different species frequent the park. Tarangire is also known for its huge number of elephants, baobab trees and tree climbing lions. Huge termite mounds can be found all around the park.

6. Mafia Island
Mafia Islandflickr/stttijn
Also part of the Spice Islands, but smaller than Pemba, Mafia Island has a population of around 40,000 people. Don’t expect organized crime: the name derives either from the Swahili “mahali pa afya,” meaning “a healthy dwelling-place,” or from the Arabic “morfiyeh,” meaning “archipelago”. The island attracts scuba divers, game fishermen, and people wanting to relax on one of the island white sandy beaches.

5. Lake Manyara
Lake Manyaraflickr/Marc Veraart
In the wet season Lake Manyara is home to almost 300 different species of migratory birds, including thousands of flamingos. In the dry season, alkaline mud-flats take the place of the waters. This is the best time to see large mammals such as hippos, elephants, wildebeest and giraffe. A number of safari lodges provide tourists with lodging and day and night safaris to see the wildlife.

4. Zanzibar
Zanzibarflickr/mattk1979
The island of Unguja, part of Zanzibar, makes up the final Spice Island. Once part of the British Empire, today Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous region of Tanzania. The African island has been for centuries an important trading center, a melting pot of African, Indian and Arab influences. Zanzibar’s major tourist attraction is Stone Town, with its whitewashed coral rag houses. Another big draw are its beautiful white sandy beaches.

3. Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaroflickr/paulshaffner
Mount Kilimanjaro is an inactive volcano in north-eastern Tanzania, near the border with Kenya. At 5,892 meters (19,331 feet) above sea level, Kilimanjaro is Africa’s highest peak and the world’s highest free-standing mountain. Although positioned close to the equator, Mount Kilimanjaro is famous for its snow-capped peak looming over the plains of the savannah. The mountain has become a major tourist attraction for mountaineers and trekkers from around the world.

2. Ngorongoro Conservation Area Where to Stay
Ngorongoro Conservation Area
Ngorongoro is formed form a volcano erupting two to three million years ago which has collapsed and formed a crater. The steep sides of the crater have become a natural enclosure for a wide variety of wild animals. It is also presently one of the most likely areas in Africa to see the endangered Black Rhino. Local Maasai people are permitted to bring cattle to graze in the crater but are required to leave at the end of each day.

1. Serengeti National Park Where to Stay
#1 of Tourist Attractions In Tanzaniaflickr/lince
Serengeti National Park is among the best-known big game safari destinations in Africa and one of the most popular tourist attractions in Tanzania. It is famous for its annual wildlife migration of wildebeest and zebra. One of the best times to visit the park is in May when the grass becomes dry and exhausted and the wildebeest and zebra start to mass in huge armies offering a spectacular wildlife show.

Which attractions in Tanzania do you consider to be the most interesting?

1.Serengeti National Park
2.Ngorongoro Conservation Area
3.Mount Kilimanjaro
4.Zanzibar
5.Lake Manyara
6.Mafia Island
7.Tarangire National Park
8.Pemba Island
9.Selous Game Reserve
10.Ruaha National Park

09/12/2018

See the historical sites of Zanzibar’s slave trading past. Visit Dhow Harbor in Malindi, where slave ships brought their human cargo from Bagamoyo to Zanzibar. See the house of a notorious Arab slave trader and the site of the old slave market.

09/12/2018

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Zanzibar Full-Day Excursion
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Leave the hustle of the city behind and venture to the archipelago of Zanzibar. Walk the path where sultans, slaves, and explorers once set foot and meander through Stone Town, a UNESCO Word Heritage Site. Explore the spice plantations to learn about the history of the island and the slave-trade era.
Set sail to Zanzibar Island and admire its coast from the waters of the Indian Ocean. Take a tour of Stone Town, following in the footsteps of sultans, slaves, and explorers who once walked this same trail. Your guide explains Zanzibar's complex history while you tour historic buildings, including the House of Wonders, the tallest in town; the Palace Museum, built to serve as the Sultan's family residence; and the Arab Fort, to name just a few.
Walk through Zanzibar's alleyways connecting markets, mosques, and cathedrals before making your way to the spice plantations. Savor the fragrant aromas of a variety of spices farmed in the local plantations, including vanilla, nutmeg, cinnamon, cardamom, and clove trees, the "gold of Zanzibar"—which were introduced in 1818 and quickly became the island's main trade. Your guide explains how these spices sparked the slave trade in the area and brought Sultans from Oman to Zanzibar.
Learn about the different varieties of spices as well as their uses in cooking and cosmetics before taking a trip to Maruhbal Palace, built by Sultan Barghash in 1880 to house his harem.
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7:00 AM, Tour in English, includes Food Only
Duration 10h
Non-refundable because your activity starts within 4 days
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per traveler $550
Total price is $550.00, taxes includedTotal: $550.00 Taxes Included
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Activity Location
Zanzibar
Meeting/Redemption Point
Dar-Es-Salaam City Center (Hotel Pickup)
Dar es Salaam
Dar-Es-Salaam Airport
Julius K. Nyerere Road
Dar es Salaam
Highlights

Historic Stone Town—a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Walking the path where sultans & slaves once set foot
Scents of vanilla & nutmeg spices in local plantations
Stunning Maruhbal Palace, built by Sultan Barghash in 1880
In-depth & comprehensive tour with an expert guide
Inclusions

Guided tour of Zanzibar
Admission fees
Lunch
Roundtrip transportation to and from your central Dar-Es-Salaam hotel via a 4x4 safari vehicle
Ferry ticket
Live commentary is provided in English
Exclusions

Beverages
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At least 2 people are required in each booking for this activity to take place.
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05/04/2018

Selous Game Reserve

The is one of the largest faunal reserves of the world, located in the south of Tanzania. It was named after Englishman Sir Frederick Selous, a famous big game hunter and early conservationist, who died at Beho Beho in this territory in 1917 while fighting against the Germans during World War I. Scottish explorer and cartographer Keith Johnston had died at Beho Beho in 1879 while leading a Royal Geographical Society expedition to the Great Lakes of Africa with Joseph Thomson. The Selous Game Reserve was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982 due to the diversity of its wildlife and undisturbed nature.

Selous Game Reserve

IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)

Location Tanzania Coordinates9°0′S 37°24′EArea 54,600 km2 (21,100 sq mi) Established1922 UNESCO World Heritage SiteCriteriaNatural: (ix), (x) Reference199 Inscription1982.

The reserve covers a total area of 50,000 km2(19,000 sq mi) and has additional buffer zones. Within the reserve no permanent human habitation or permanent structures are permitted. All (human) entry and exit is carefully controlled by the Wildlife Division of the Tanzanian Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. Some of the typical animals of the miombo (for example African bush elephants, black rhinos, hippopotamus, lions ,East African wild dogs, Cape buffaloes, Masai giraffes, Plains zebras, and crocodiles) can be found in this park in larger numbers than in any other African game reserve or national park.

05/04/2018

SELOUS GAME RESERVE.
How to get there,

Adventure guests looking out to visit the bush land heading to Selous Game Reservehave three modes of transport options from which to choose, that is to say flight, road and rail.

Taking a road Safari

One may choose to take a road trip from Dar es Salaam that involves taking a normal circuit route which would involve a trip to the Mikumi National Park heading through and entering the Matambwe gate .It is such a great experience to take the road from Morogoro as it gives the visitors the chance to go driving though the Morogoro town and the chance to view the town that perfectly backdrops Ulugulu mountains. It is such an alluring experience more so in the morning. As one goes through heading out of the Morogoro town, you will have the chance to see the way how people live and work within the rural villages in Tanzania. In these areas, the urban famous culture has not yet washed away their upheld way of life living alone a few stores that may be retailing soft drinks that are packaged by international brand names. A market day would give you such a unique experience as you move towards the Selous driving from the hilly pathways of the mountainous region. As you drive through, there is an overlook; you are able to view the way the village is displayed, its setting, and a corridor area setup for trading. A road from Morongoro can also lead you to a magnificent way to the contours of Sable Mountain lodge and Uluguru mountains at a distance. Taking the access road from Dar es Salaam would be an enjoyable trip with super views of the Tanzania countryside showing tall palms and lush grassland in hilly areas. This is an alternative route that comes to Selous through Morogoro. The narrow pathway can always lead you to animals and gazelles that may have stayed into game control pockets as you enter Selous from Dar es Salaam.

Railroad system

Adventure never stops; the other way to get to Selous could be through the TAZARA (Tanzania Zambia Railway) railroad system. It starts from Dar es Salaam, diminishing off bush routes adventures guests at the rail stop in Matambwe. Throughout this journey, you enjoy the beauty of the bush land. The journey takes you four to five hours in a panoramic tour of Tanzania rural landscape. It is usually the most worthwhile way to get to the Selous Game Reserve.

Through an Air Safari

This is alternative three for one to get to the Selous Game Reserve. There are a number of departure flights from Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Zanzibar and landing a different accommodation or even public access airstrips. Julius Nyerere International Airport (DAR) can is used as the entry point for the country. As a safari development to a beach holiday on Zanzibar Island or one of the other beached around Dar es Salaam. There are usually scheduled departure flights to welcome this to both Selous and Ruaha.Even if it is the most expensive; an air safari is the quickest way to Selous Game Reserve.

It stands as the largest Game reserve in Africa and the most popular as one of the game viewing areas in Africa. Though hidden, the Selous Game Reserve is located in Southern Tanzania.

16/01/2018

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16/01/2018

SERENGETI NATIONAL PARK

The Serengeti National Park is a Tanzanian national park in the Serengeti ecosystem in the Mara and Simiyu regions.
It is famous for its annual migration of over 1.5 million white-bearded (or brindled) wildebeest and 250,000 zebra and for its numerous Nile crocodile and honey badger.

Serengeti National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
Serengeti-Landscape-2012.JPG
Landscape in Serengeti National Park
Map showing the location of Serengeti National Park Map showing the location of Serengeti National Park
Location Tanzania
Coordinates 2°20′S 34°34′E
Area 14,750 km2 (5,700 sq mi)
Established 1951
Visitors 350,000 per year
Governing body Tanzania National Parks Authority

SERENGETI NATIONAL PARK
HISTORY

The Maasai people had been grazing their livestock in the open plains of eastern Mara Region, which they named "endless plains", for around 200 years when the first European explorer, Austrian Oscar Baumann, visited the area in 1892.
The name "Serengeti" is an approximation of the word used by the Maasai to describe the area, siringet, which means "the place where the land runs on forever".

The first American to enter the Serengeti, Stewart Edward White, recorded his explorations in the northern Serengeti in 1913. He returned to the Serengeti in the 1920s and camped in the area around Seronera for three months. During this time, he and his companions shot 50 lions.

Because the hunting of lions made them scarce, the British colonial administration made a partial game reserve of 800 acres (3.2 km2) in the area in 1921 and a full one in 1929. These actions were the basis for Serengeti National Park, which was established in 1951.

The Serengeti gained more fame after the initial work of Bernhard Grzimek and his son Michael in the 1950s. Together, they produced the book and film Serengeti Shall Not Die, widely recognized as one of the most important early pieces of nature conservation documentary.[citation needed]

To preserve wildlife, the British evicted the resident Maasai from the park in 1959 and moved them to the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. There is still considerable controversy surrounding this move, with claims made of coercion and deceit on the part of the colonial authorities.

The park is Tanzania's oldest national park and remains the flagship of the country's tourism industry, providing a major draw to the Northern Safari Circuit encompassing Lake Manyara National Park, Tarangire National Park, Arusha National Park and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. It has over 2,500 lions and more than 1 million wildebeest.

GEOGRAPHY

The park covers 14,750 square kilometres (5,700 sq mi) of grassland plains, savanna, riverine forest, and woodlands. The park lies in northwestern Tanzania, bordered to the north by the Kenyan border, where it is continuous with the Maasai Mara National Reserve. To the southeast of the park is the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, to the southwest lies Maswa Game Reserve, to the west are the Ikorongo and Grumeti Game Reserves, and to the northeast and east lies the Loliondo Game Control Area. Together, these areas form the larger Serengeti ecosystem.

The park is usually described as divided into three regions-

Serengeti plains: the almost treeless grassland of the south is the most emblematic scenery of the park. This is where the wildebeest breed, as they remain in the plains from December to May. Other hoofed animals - zebra, gazelle, impala, hartebeest, topi, buffalo, waterbuck - also occur in huge numbers during the wet season. "Kopjes" are granite florations that are very common in the region, and they are great observation posts for predators, as well as a refuge for hyrax and pythons.
Western corridor: the black clay soil covers the savannah of this region. The Grumeti River and its gallery forests is home to Nile crocodiles, patas monkeys, hippopotamus, and martial eagles. The migration passes through from May to July.

Northern Serengeti: the landscape is dominated by open woodlands (predominantly Commiphora) and hills, ranging from Seronera in the south to the Mara River on the Kenyan border. Apart from the migratory wildebeest and zebra (which occur from July to August, and in November), this is the best place to find elephant, giraffe, and dik dik.
Human habitation is forbidden in the park with the exception of staff for the Tanzania National Parks Authority, researchers and staff of the Frankfurt Zoological Society, and staff of the various lodges, campsites and hotels. The main settlement is Seronera, which houses the majority of research staff and the park's main headquarters, including its primary airstrip.

WILDLIFE

An African leopardess and her cub in a tree on the Serengeti Plain.

A Tanzanian cheetah in the Serengeti prairies.

Grey crowned crane in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania

A herd of elephants in the morning in Serengeti National Park

A Superb starling in the Serengeti National Park
The park is worldwide known for its abundance of wildlife and high biodiversity.

The migratory -and some resident- wildebeest, which number over a million individuals, constitute the largest population of big mammals that still roam the planet. They are joined in their journey through the Serengeti - Mara ecosystem by 200,000 zebra, half a million Thomson's and Grant's gazelle, and tens of thousands of topi and Coke's hartebeest. Masai giraffe, waterbuck, impala, warthog and hippo are also aboundant. Some rarely seen species of antelope are also present in Serengeti National Park, such as common eland, klipspringer, roan antelope, bushbuck, lesser kudu, fringe-eared oryx and dik dik

Perhaps the most popular animals among tourists are the Big Five, which include:

East African lion: the Serengeti is believed to hold the largest population of lions in Africa due in part to the abundance of prey species. More than 3,000 lions live in this ecosystem.
African leopard: these reclusive predators are commonly seen in the Seronera region but are present throughout the national park with the population at around 1,000.
African bush elephant: the herds have recovered successfully from population lows in the 1980s caused by poaching, numbering over 5,000 individuals, and are particularly numerous in the northern region of the park.
Eastern black rhinoceros: mainly found around the kopjes in the centre of the park, very few individuals remain due to rampant poaching. Individuals from the Masai Mara Reserve cross the park border and enter Serengeti from the northern section at times.
African buffalo: the most numerous of the Big Five, with around 53,000 individuals inside the park.

An impala in the park
Carnivores -aside from the Big Five- include the cheetah - which is widely seen due to the abundance of gazelle -, about 4,000 spotted hyena, two species of jackals, African golden wolf, honey badger, striped hyena, serval, seven species of mongooses, two species of otters and the recently reintroduced East African wild dog (locally extinct since 1991). Apart from the safari staples, primates such as yellow and olive baboons and vervet monkey, patas monkey, black-and-white colobus are also seen in the gallery forests of the Grumeti River.

Other mammals are include aardvark, aardwolf, bat-eared fox, ground pangolin, crested porcupine, three species of hyraxes, cape hare.

Serengeti National Park has also great ornithological interest, boasting about 500 bird species, including Masai ostrich, secretarybird, kori bustards, helmeted guineafowls, southern ground hornbill, crowned cranes, marabou storks, yellow-billed stork, lesser flamingo, martial eagles, lovebirds, oxpeckers, and many species of vultures.

Reptiles in Serengeti National Park are include Nile crocodile, leopard tortoise, serrated hinged terrapin, rainbow agama, Nile monitor, chameleons, African python, black mamba, black-necked spitting cobra, puff adder.