Cox's Bazar District
Geography/ History/ Climate/ Economy and development/ Religion
Cox's Bazar Jela also Cox's Bazar Zila) is a district in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. It is named after Cox's Bazar, which is one of the world's longest natural sea beaches (120 kilometres (75 mi) including mud flats). Cox's Bazar is also known by the name Panowa ("yellow flower"). The modern Cox's Bazar
derives its name from Captain Cox (died 1798), an army officer who served in British India. It is one of the fishing ports of Bangladesh. Geography
Often termed as the world's longest beach, Cox's Bazar has yet to become a major tourist destination in Asia. Cox's Bazar District has an area of 2491.86 km². It is located at 21°35′0″N 92°01′0″E and is bounded by Chittagong District on the north, Bay of Bengal in the south, Bandarban District on the east, and the Bay of Bengal on the west. Major rivers include Matamuhuri, Bakkhali, Reju Khal, Naf River, Maheshkhali channel and Kutubdia channel. The area of the city of Cox's Bazar is 6.85 km². History
The history of Cox's Bazar begins in the Mughal period. On his way to Arakan, when the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja (1616–1660) passed through the hilly terrain of the present day Cox’s Bazar, he was attracted to the scenic and captivating beauty of the region. He commanded his forces to camp there. A place named Dulahazara, meaning "one thousand palanquins", still exists in the area. After the Mughals, the place came under the control of the Tipras and the Arakanese, followed by the Portuguese and then the British. Cox's Bazar is named after Captain Hiram Cox, an officer of the East India Company, who was assigned with the charges of the current day Cox's Bazar and its adjacent areas. The town of Cox's Bazar was established in 1799 as a market town to honour Captain Cox. In 1854, Cox's Bazar was made a Sub Divisional headquarter in Chittagong district under the Bengal Presidency of British India. After the end of British rule in 1947, Cox's Bazar remained a part of East Pakistan under the Dominion of Pakistan till 1971. Captain Advocate Fazlul Karim was the first chairman after independence from the British of Cox's Bazar municipality. He established the Tamarisk Forest along the beach to draw tourism to the town and to protect the beach from the tide. He donated many of his father-in-law's and his own lands to establish a public library and town hall. In 1971, the wharf was used as a naval port by the Pakistan Navy's gunboats. This and the nearby airstrip of the Pakistan Air Force were the scene of intense shelling by the Indian Navy during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. In the year 1984, Cox's Bazar was upgraded into a District from a Sub Division under the Chittagong Division. There are eight upazilas under this district, namely:
1. Chakaria Upazila
2. Cox's Bazar Sadar Upazila
3. Kutubdia Upazila
4. Maheshkhali Upazila
5. Ramu Upazila
6. Teknaf Upazila
7. Ukhia Upazila
8. Pekua Upazila
The population of Cox's Bazar includes Muslims, Christians, Hindus and Buddhists. Climate
The annual average temperature in Cox's Bazar is 34.8 °C and a minimum of 16.1 °C. The climate remains hot and humid with some seasons of temperate weather. The average amount of rainfall is 4285 nm. Economy and development
The major livelihood of Cox's Bazar district is tourism. Millions of foreign and Bangladeshi natives visit this coastal city every year. A number of hotels, guest houses, and motels have been built in the city and coastal region and the hospitality industry is a major employer in the area. A number of people are involved in the fishing and collection of sea foods and sea products. Oysters, snails, pearls and jewelry made from shells are popular with the tourists in the seaside and city stores. A number of people are also involved in the transportation business for tourists. Many people of the district are farmers. In 2002, a surfing club was initiated at Cox's Bazar by a local Bangladeshi. It has now extended to holding an annual competition including locals and foreign tourists. This is the first surfing initiative in Bangladesh's history. Religion
Religion in Cox's Bazar District
Religion Percent
Islam 87%
Buddhism 3.5%
Christianity 0.5%
Hinduism 9%
The district of Cox's Bazar consists 2300 mosques, 1200 Buddhist Temples, 700 churches and 400 temples. Places of interest
Sunset in Cox's Bazar. Cox’s Bazar, mostly famous for its beautiful sea beach and the sunset, has several other attractions, including:
• Aggmeda Khyang,] a large Buddhist monastery, and a place revered by around 400,000 Buddhist people of Cox's Bazar Hill Tracts.
• Himchari, located about 8 km south of Cox's Bazar, is a picnic spot famous for its waterfalls and hill top from where a splendid view of the sea can be seen. Birds and animals roam near the road.
• Inani Beach has interesting rocks and coral bolders. It is 32 km from the main beach.
• Coxsbazar Circuit House, located 2 km from Laboni Point, has a good viewpoint. The ocean can be seen from a height, and one can also enjoy the view of Cox's Bazar city.
• St. Martin's Island, the only coral island in Bangladesh, is situated at 9 km south of Teknaf. It is a popular tourist spot.
• "'DULAHAZRA SAFARI PARK the only safari park in Bangladesh which is situated at Chakaria Upazila. It has a wide range of exotic animals, bird, snake, water beast etc. It is one of the most affluent Safari Park of the world.
• Marine drive:
References
1. Jump up G. Ramachandra (September 1981). "Captain Hiram Cox's Mission to Burma, 1796-1798: A Case of Irrational Behaviour in Diplomacy". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
2. Jump up Literary Gazette and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, Volume 8. 1842-08-07. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
3. Jump up http://www.jollybengali.net/bangladesh/galleryfiles/misc1.htmwww.jollybengali.net
Chakaria Upazila
Chakaria is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Chakaria Upazila (cox's bazar district) with an area of 643.46 km2, is bounded by Lohagara, Banshkhali and Lama upazilas on the north, Cox's Bazar sadar, and ramu upazilas on the south, Lama and naikhongchhari upazilas on the east, maheshkhali and kutubdia upazila on the west. The upazila is surrounded by the matamuhuri, Bara Matamuhuri, Maheshkhali and Kutubdia Channel. The upazila more often fall victim to cyclone and tidal bore. The devastating cyclone and tidal bore of 29 April 1991 caused serious damage to the upazila with a death toll of 16705 persons. Geography
Chakoria is located at 21.7861°N 92.0778°E . It has 63671 units of house hold and total area 643.46 km². Once there was a mangrove forest named Chakaria Sunderban here. But now it is no more. Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Chakaria has a population of 409346. Males constitute 51.87% of the population, and females 48.13%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 176608. Chakaria has an average literacy rate of 23.4% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Chakaria Town
Chakaria Town consists of 9 wards and 22 mahallas with an area of 2.95 km2. It has a population of 50716; male 52.64%, female 47.36%. Literacy rate among town people is 34.5%. It has three dakbungalows. Administrative
Chakaria thana was constituted in 1793 and was turned into an upazila in 1983. It consists of 17 union parishads, one municipality, 64 mouzas and 340 villages. Union Parishads
• Badarkhali Union Parishad
• Barawtali Union Parishad
• Bheola Manik Char Union Parishad
• Bomobilchari Union Parishad
• Chiringa Union Parishad
• Dulhazara Union Parishad
• Purba Barabheola Union Parishad
• Fasiakhali Union Parishad
• Harbang Union Parishad
• Kakara Union Parishad
• Kaiarbil Union Parishad
• Khutakhali Union Parishad
• Lakhyarchar Union Parishad
• Saharbil Union Parishad
• Paschim Bara Bheola Union Parishad
• Demushia Union Parishad
• Konakhali Union Parishad
• Surajpur-Manikpur Union Parishad
Archaeological Heritage
Tomb of Shah Umar, Sat-gumbad Masjid of Fazl Quke at Manikpur (1873), Hasher Dighi, Bir Kamla Dighi. Historical Events
During the war of liberation in 1971, the Pak army killed 13 villagers by gun shot and burnt more than one hundred houses and shops in different places of the upazila. Marks of War of Liberation
Shaheed Abdul Hamid memorial monument. Population
409346; male 51.48%, female 48.52%; Muslim 93.4%, Hindu 5.4%, Buddhist 1.02%, Christian 0.18%. Ethnic nationals: Magh, Marma, Moorang and Chakma. Religious Institutions
Mosque 400, temple 99, church 3, pagoda 16, mazar 6. Literacy and Educational Institutions
Average literacy 23.15%; male 29.2%, female 17.1%. Educational institutions: college 5, government high school 2, non-government high school 37, madrasa 26, government primary school 104, non-government primary school 77. Old Institutions
Manikpur Burmese Government Primary School (1828), Harbang Government Primary School (1884), Pekua Government Primary School (1918), Chakaria Government High School (1919), Sahrbil Anwarul Ulum Senior Madrasa (1918). Newspapers and Periodicals
Weekly Chakori, fortnightly Mehdi. Cultural Organizations Club
52, literary organisation 3, women's organisation 22, theatre party 2, playground 50. Main occupations
Agriculture 29.55%, fishing 2.03%, forestry 1.56%, agricultural labourer 24.5%, non-agricultural labourer 6.74%, commerce 14.02%, service 4.96%, transport 1.98%, others 14.66%. Main Exports
Shrimp, salt, to***co, ground nut, mustard seed, flour, water melon, timber. Cox's Bazar Sadar Upazila
Cox's Bazar Sadar is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh
Geography
Cox's Bazar Sadar is located at 21.4500°N 91.9833°E . It has 38688 units of house hold and total area 228.23 km². Demographics
As of 1991 Bangladesh census, Cox's Bazar Sadar has a population of 253788. Males constitute 53.94% of the population, and females 46.06%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 117509. Cox's Bazar Sadar has an average literacy rate of 28.3% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Administrative
Cox's Bazar Sadar has 10 Unions/Wards, 40 Mauzas/Mahallas and 140 villages. Kutubdia Upazila
Kutubdia:is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The upazila consists of an island in the Bay of Bengal, off the coast near Chakaria, Cox's Bazar. Geography
Kutubdia is located at 21.8167°N 91.8583°E. It has 14,463 households and total area 215.8 square kilometres (83.3 sq mi). Climate change and sea level rise threaten to submerge the island in the Bay of Bengal. History
A police station at Kutubdia was established in 1917. The island was upgraded into an upazila in 1983. Saint Hazrat Abdul Malek Shah was born on this island. Kutubdia has an area of 36 square miles (93 km2), 18 miles (29 km) in length and 2 miles (3.2 km) in breadth. It is famous for the only lighthouse in Bangladesh which was built by the British during the British rule. Kutubdia is rich in producing salt and dried fish, locally known as 'Shutki'. Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Kutubdia has a population of 95055. Males constitute 51.66% of the population, and females 48.34%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 41755. Kutubdia has an average literacy rate of 24.1% (7+ years), the national average being 32.4% literate. The most populated area is Ali Akbar Dale. Thousands of visitors visit this island daily due to journeys and other business related work. Administrative
Kutubdia has 6 Unions/Wards, 9 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 29 villages. The only town of the island is the Borogoph town, with an area of 9.82 square kilometres. Maheshkhali Upazila
Maheshkhali is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Maheshkhali Upazila (cox's bazar district) with an area of 362.18 km2, is bounded by Chakaria upazila on the north, Cox's bazar sadar upazila and the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chakaria and Cox's Bazar sadar upazilas on the east, Kutubdia upazila and the Bay of Bengal on the west. The eastern part of the upazila is separated from the mainland by the Maheshkhali channel. Main rivers are Bakkhali and Maheshkhali channel. Administration Maheshkhali thana was turned into an upazila in 1982. It consists of 7 union parishads, 25 mouzas and 170 villages. Maheshkhali (Town) consists of 1 mouza with an area of 2.93 km2. It has a population of 13519; male 54.54%, female 45.46%. The density of population per km2 is 4614. Literacy rate among the town people is 30.9%.Adinath Temple, a temple of Shiva, and a Buddhist pagoda are also
Geography
Maheshkhali is located at 21.5500°N 91.9500°E . It has 33287 units of house hold and total area 362.18 km². It covers Maheshkhali Island and Sonadia Island as well as some minor islands in the Maheshkhali channel. Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Maheshkhali has a population of 219520. Males constitute 54.54% of the population, and females 45.46%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 90892. Maheshkhali has an average literacy rate of 16.8% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Administrative
Maheshkhali has 9 Unions/Wards, 31 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 170 villages. Ramu Upazila
Ramu :is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Geography
Ramu is located at 21.4583°N 92.1000°E . It has 26964 units of house hold and the area of the town is 22.03 km2. Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Ramu has a population of 167480. Males constitute 51.41% of the population, and females 48.59%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 74742. Ramu has an average literacy rate among town people is 34%., and the national average of 32.4% literate.Ramu thana was transformed into an upazila in 1983. It consists of 9 union parishads, 39 mouzas and 102 villages. Administrative
Ramu has 9 Unions/Wards, 39 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 102 villages. According to tradition Ramu, Cox's Bazar got its name from the Ramu dynasty of the Arakan. It came under the Mughals when Chittagong was captured by them and during that time a thirteen feet high Buddha statue was found. Ramu, Cox's Bazar is a village with an excellent charm of its own which is spread here in the form of monasteries, temples and various Buddhist statues and images. Here you would find weavers busy in their trades that are taking place in open workshops and craftsmen engaged in making hand made ci**rs from their houses which look like pagodas. In Ramu, Cox's Bazar you would find various monasteries and Buddhist temples where you would see statues and images of Buddha in gold, bronze and various other metals and studded with precious stones. The most important sightseeing attraction of Ramu, Cox's Bazar is the beautiful Buddhist temple that you would find near Bakkhali on Tiger Canal. Here you would find various Buddhist relics and Burmese handicrafts. The best attraction is however, the huge bronze statue of Buddha which is thirteen feet high set over a 6 feet high pedestal. It is the biggest among the Buddha statues that are found in whole of Bangladesh. The monastery is also famous because of its intricate wood carvings that you would find in the monastery. Ramkot is another sight seeing attraction since it is said that the stone grinder used by Sita while she was in Lanka is preserved here and Rama also met Sita here. ramu This is a typical Buddhist village, about 16 km. from Cox's Bazar, on the main road to Chittagong. There are monasteries, khyangs and pagodas containing images of Buddha in gold, bronze and other metals inlaid with precious stones. One of the most interesting of these temples is on the bank of the Baghkhali River. It houses not only interesting relics and Burmese handicrafts but also a large bronze statue of Buddha measuring thirteen feet high and rests on a six feet high pedestal. The wood carving of this khyang is very delicate and refined. The village has a charm of its own. Weavers ply their trade in open workshops and craftsmen make handmade ci**rs in their pagoda like houses. Teknaf Upazila
Teknaf: Ṭeknaf is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. It forms the southernmost point in mainland Bangladesh (St. Martin's Island is the southernmost point). The name of the region comes from the Naf River which forms the Eastern boundary of the upazila. It shares the border with Burma. Geography
Teknaf is located at 20.8667°N 92.3000°E . It has 23675 units of house hold and total area 388.68 km². The tidal range at the Teknaf coastal area is strong influenced Naaf river estuary. The area is blessed with a warm tropical climate and sufficient rainfall which enable to support a wide biological diversity. Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Teknaf has a population of 152557. Males constitute 51.81% of the population, and females 48.19%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 64417. Teknaf has an average literacy rate of 16.6% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Administrative
Teknaf has 6 Unions/Wards, 13 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 133 villages. Attractions
Because of its geographical location this sub-district has developed as an interesting place for the foreign and local tourists. Because of the tropical weather of Bangladesh most tourists usually go to visit this place during winter or in between winter and autumn (October to March). It is about 90 km far away from Cox's Bazar and well connected with various kinds of transportation services. There are numerous historical educational institutions in Teknaf union such as Teknaf College, Teknaf Pilot High School and Teknaf Govt. Primary School. Teknaf Peninsula is one of the longest sandy beach ecosystems (80 km) in the world. It represents a transitional ground for the fauna of the Indo-Himalayan and Indo-Malayan ecological sub-regions. Important habitats at the site include mangrove, mudflats, beaches and sand dunes, canals and lagoons and marine habitat. Mangrove forest occurs in Teknaf peninsula both as natural forest with planted stands and mostly distributed in the intertidal zone. the Teknaf peninsula mangroves supports the habitat of 161 different fisheries species (Chowdhury et al., 2011).Teknaf reserved forest is one of the oldest reserved forests in Bangladesh. Ukhia Upazila
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ukhia (Bengali: উখিয়া) is an Upazila of Cox's Bazar District in the Division of Chittagong,
Geography
Ukhia is located at 21.2833°N 92.1000°E . It has 19189 units of house hold and total area 261.8 km². Important Educational Institutions
High Schools: Palong Model High School, Ukhiy High School
Demographics
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Ukhia has a population of 121514. Males constitute 51.45% of the population, and females 48.55%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 51749. Ukhia has an average literacy rate of 16.8% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Administrative
Ukhia has 5 Unions/Wards, 13 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 54 villages.
