24/02/2023
ποΈπβοΈπβ¦οΈβͺοΈπ·πΊ State Military and Historical Museum-Reserve βBorodino Fieldβ - Mozhaisk District - Moscow Region
On a day like today February 24th, but in 1903, in the premises of the railway station Borodino took place a grand opening of the Museum-Reserve "Borodino Field" - the memorial of two Patriotic Wars, the oldest museum in the world created on battlefields.
Back in 1812 Mikhail Kutuzov urged to preserved field fortifications made by the Russian army.
At the Semenov fleches, where was killed Brigadier General Alexander Tuchkov 4th, his wife Margaret M. Tuchkov decided to build a temple.
In 1838, the Holy Monastery of Borodino was approved. In 1839, in the center of the Russian position, at the battery of Raevsky, was erected the main monument, depicting the military glory of Russia. Here were reburied the remains of the Borodinoβs hero, Infantry General Pyotr Bagration, the commander of the 2nd Western army, mortally wounded on the day of the battle. In 1912, the centenary of the Battle of Borodino, 34 more monuments were built and Russian fortifications restored: Maslovsky flushes, Shevardinsky redoubt and southern (left) Bagration fleche. Command posts of Kutuzov and Napoleon were marked with special monuments.
At the beginning of the 20th century, due to the approaching centenary of the Patriotic War, the work on the museum continued.
In 1912, in the middle of the field, on the site of the lodge was constructed a building designed by architect Vladimir Voeykov, which up to now housed the museum. Later there were transferred the exhibits previously held at the railway station of Borodino, in the Holy Monastery of Borodino, the Imperial Palace, which was built in the village of Borodino in 1839 and which burnt down in 1942. In 1962, in time to the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino, the museumβs building was increased - three halls were attached to it.
In front of the Museum-Preserve "Borodino Field" are set Napoleon's army guns taken as trophies in 1812; as well as busts and sculpted portraits of famous military leaders, commanders of armies in 1812 - Mikhail Kutuzov, Pyotr Bagration and M. Barclay de Tolly.
Museum exhibition is presented chronologically. First, visitors see the exhibits that reveal a liberation nature of the war of 1812 and the actions of the two armies before the Battle of Borodino; then they proceed to the central rooms devoted to the Battle of Borodino, and at the end, there are the materials on the victory of the Russian army in 1812 and the defeat of the N***s near Moscow in 1941-1942.
In 2002, the 190th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino at the museum opened a new major exhibition "Borodino - Battle of the Giants." On the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino was recreated the imperial estate in the village of Borodino and this tradition is repeated every year (https://www.facebook.com/nordictravelrussia/posts/pfbid02KKB3mEYoBfG788FaCJUX4DKRKcrL5aMA2D9Q2TagxjZMeGgXd6ckt4CTy8aUHXA5l ).
In 2007, the Museum "Borodino Field" was the first Russian museum to be awarded the International UNESCO Prize n. a. Melina Mercouri for the Safeguarding and Management of Cultural Landscapes.